问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面一篇唐代小说,完成后面的题目(共18分,其中选择题每小题3分)

棋 鬼

蒲松龄

扬州督同 * * 梁公,解组乡居,日携棋酒,游林丘间。会九日登高,与客弈,忽有一人来,逡巡局侧,耽玩不去。视之,目面寒俭,悬鹑结焉,然意态温雅,有文士风。公礼之,乃坐。亦殊撝谦。公指棋谓曰:“先生当必善此,何勿与客对垒?”其人逊谢移时,始即局。局终而负,神情懊热,若不自已。又着又负,益愤惭。酌之以酒,亦不饮,惟曳客弈。自晨至于日昃,不遑溲溺。

方以一子争路,两互喋聒,忽书生离席悚立,神色惨沮。少间,屈膝向公座,败颡乞救。公骇疑,起扶之曰:“戏耳,何至是?”书生曰:“乞付嘱圉人,勿缚小生颈。”公又异之,问:“圉人谁?”曰:“马成。”先是,公圉役马成者,走无常,十数日一入幽冥,摄牒作勾役。公以书生言异,遂使人往视成,则僵卧已二日矣。公乃叱成不得无礼,瞥然间,书生即地而灭,公叹咤良久,乃悟其鬼。

越日,马成寤,公召诘之。成曰:“书生湖襄人,癖嗜弈,产荡尽。父忧之,闭置斋中。辄逾垣出,窃引空处,与弈者狎。父闻诟詈,终不可制止,父愤悒赍恨而死。阎摩王以书生不德,促其年寿,罚入饿鬼狱,于今七年矣。会东岳凤楼成,下牒诸府,征文人作碑记。王出之狱中,使应召自赎。不意中道迁延,大愆限期。岳帝使直曹问罪于王,王怒,使小人辈罗搜之。前承主人命,故未敢以缧绁系之。”公问:“今日作何状?”曰:“仍付狱吏,永无生期矣。”公叹曰:“癖之误人也,如是夫!”

异史氏曰:“见弈遂忘其死;及其死也,见弈又忘其生。非其所欲有甚于生者哉?然癖嗜如此,尚未获一高着,徒令九泉下,有长死不生之弈鬼也。可哀也哉!”

(《聊斋志异》)

小题1:对下列句子中划线的词的解释,不正确的一项是(     )

A.九日登高,与客弈会:相约

B.神情懊热,若不自已:停止

C.父愤悒恨而死赍:怀着

D.故未敢以缧绁之系:捆绑小题2:下列各组句子中,划线词的意义和用法都不相同的一组是(    )

A.公礼,乃坐

B.及死也,见弈又

误人也,如是夫非所欲有甚于生者哉

C.酌之酒,亦不饮

D.自晨至日昃故未敢缧绁系之                   今七年矣

小题3:以下六句话,分别编为四组,能够表现“癖之误人”的一组是(     )

①日携棋酒,游林丘间        ②自晨至于日昃,不遑溲溺

③父愤悒赍恨而死            ④促其年寿,罚入饿鬼狱

⑤不意中道迁延,大愆限期    ⑥徒令九泉下,有长死不生之弈鬼也

A.①③⑤

B.②⑤⑥

C.①②④

D.③④⑥小题4:下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是(    )

A.书生爱棋成癖,家产荡尽,父亲气死,他也不知悔改,最后被阎王减了寿数,罚进饿鬼狱。

B.书生虽然酷爱下棋,但棋艺不精,与扬州督同 * * 梁公的客人下棋时,屡战屡败,最后只好跪地求饶。

C.梁公对书生以礼相待,起初以为他只是个爱好下棋的穷书生,直到他“即地而灭”后,梁公才渐渐明白他原来是鬼。

D.书生在阴间时本来有个赎罪转生的机会,可他沉迷弈棋,误了给东岳泰山凤楼写碑记的期限,最后落得个永世不得超生的下场。小题5:翻译(6分)

①阎摩王以书生不德,促其年寿,罚入饿鬼狱。

译文:                                                                     

②不意中道迁延,大愆限期。

译文:                                                                     

答案

小题1:A

小题1:A

小题1:D

小题1:B

小题1:①阎王因为书生品行不端,减了他的寿数,罚他进饿鬼狱。

②不料他在路上拖延,大大地误了期限。

小题1:会,适逢

小题1:A前者代词,他;后者助词,取消句子独立性。B均为人称代词,他。C均为介词,用,拿。D均为介词,到

小题1:③害死父亲,④缩减寿数,⑥永不超生

小题1:书生跪在梁公面前是乞求梁公叫勾魂使马夫不要用绳索捆他的脖子,而非因为输棋“跪地求饶”

小题1:①“以”、“不德”、“促”各1分②“意”、“愆”各1分

参考译文:

扬州督同 * * 梁公,罢任后在乡间闲居,每日带着围棋和美酒,在郊野游玩。适逢九月九日登高,与朋友对奕。忽然有个人走了过来,在棋局边徘徊,观看两人下棋,不忍离去。只见他样子贫寒俭朴,穿着一身缝满补丁的旧衣裳。然而气度温文尔雅,有文士之风。梁公对他表示敬意,他才坐下,也很谦逊。梁公指着棋盘对他说:“先生一定精于此道,何不跟客人对一局呢?”他推辞了半天,才开始对局。一局下完他输了,神情懊丧,象是仍然不愿停手。又下了一局,又输了,越发羞惭懊恼。请他喝酒,他也不喝,只是拉住客人下棋。从清晨直到太阳偏西,连小便也没有时间。

正在因为一着棋谁该先下谁该后下争竞不休的时候,忽然这位书生离开座位,惊恐地站了起来,神色十分凄惨沮丧。不一会儿,在梁公座前跪了下来,头叩出血乞求救他。梁公非常惊讶,将他扶起来说:“不过是游戏嘛,何至于如此?”书生说:“请你嘱咐马夫,不要捆我的脖子。”梁公又很诧异,问:“是哪个马夫?”书生答:“马成。”原来,梁公有个马夫叫马成,常去阴司充任鬼吏,经常是每隔十来天去一次,携带冥府文书作勾魂使。梁公因为书生说得很奇怪,就叫人去探看马成,而马成已僵卧在床两天了。梁公于是申斥马成不得无礼,一眨眼之间,书生立即不见了。梁公叹息了很久,才明白他是鬼。

过了一天,马成苏醒之后,梁公把他喊来盘问。马成说;“这个书生是洞庭湖和襄江一带人士,爱棋成癖,家产荡尽。他父亲很担心,把他关在书房里。他却跳墙出来,偷偷地跑到空地方,找人下棋。父亲知道后臭骂了他一顿,他仍旧不知悔改。父亲抑郁苦闷含恨而死。阎王因为书生品行不端,减了他的寿数,罚他进饿鬼狱,到今天已经七年了。适逢东岳泰山凤楼建成,东岳大帝发下文书到各地府,征集文人写一篇碑记。阎王把他从狱中放出来,让他应召作文,以便赎罪。不料他在路上拖延,大大地误了期限。东岳大帝派当值的功曹向阎王问罪,阎王大怒,派我去搜捕他。前次听从您的命令,所以没敢用绳子捆绑。”梁公问:“他现在怎么样?”马成说:“还是交给了狱吏,永远没有转生的机会了。”梁公感叹说:“不良嗜好误人,竟到了这种地步!”

异史氏说:“看见下棋就忘记自己已经死了;等他死了以后,看见下棋又忘记了自己还有机会转生阳世。这不是说他所嗜好的比生命还重要吗?然而嗜好到这种程度,还没有学得一手高棋,只能让九泉之下多个不愿再转生阳世的棋鬼罢了。实在是可悲得很啊!”

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     The other day, my friend Jane was invited to a 40th birthday party. The time printed on the invitation was

7:30 pm. Jane went off with her husband, expecting a merry evening of wine, food, and song.

     By 9:45, everybody was having great fun, but no food had appeared. Jane and David were restless. Other

guests began whispering that they, too, were starving. But no one wanted to leave, just in case some food was

about to appear. By 11:00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. Jane and

David left hungry and angry.

     Their experience suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made clearer. Everyone reads

and understands the invitations differently. Most of us would agree that 6:30-8:30 pm means drinks only, go

out to dinner afterwards; 8:00 pm or 8:30 pm means possible dinner, but 9:30 pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, roll up late.

     But this is not always the case. If asked to a students' party at 6:30 pm, it is unaccepted for guests to appear on time. Being the first to arrive-looking eager-is social death. When my mother is asked to a party at 6:30, she

likes to be there, if not on time, then no later than seven. My age group (late thirties) falls somewhere between

the two, but because we still think we're young, we're probably closer to student-time than grown-up time.

     The accepted custom at present is confusing, sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home

hungry, but it does lend every party that precious element of surprise.

1. The underlined words "off their heads" probably mean ______.

A. tired

B. crazy

C. happy

D. encouraging

2. Jane and David's story is used to show that ______.

A. party invitations can be confusing

B. party-goers usually get hungry at parties

C. people should ask for food at parties

D. birthday parties for middle-aged people are dull

3. For some young people, arriving on time for a students' party will probably be considered ______.

A. very difficult

B. particularly thoughtful

C. friendly and polite

D. socially unacceptable

4. What is the general idea of the text?

A. It's safe to arrive late just when food is served.

B. It's wise to eat something before going to a party.

C. It's important to follow social rules of party-going.

D. There's no need to read invitations carefully.