问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成小题。

庆历三年,轼始总角入乡校,士有自京师来者,以鲁人石守道所作《庆历圣德诗》示乡先生。轼从旁窥观,则能诵习其辞,问先生以所颂十一人者何人也?先生曰:“童子何用知之?”轼曰:“此天人也耶,则不敢知;若亦人耳,何为其不可!”先生奇轼言,尽以告之,且曰:“韩、范、富、欧阳,此四人者,人杰也。”时虽未尽了,则已私识之矣。嘉祐二年,始举进士至京师,则范公殁。既葬而墓碑出,读之至流涕,曰:“吾得其为人。”盖十有五年而不一见其面,岂非命也欤?

是岁登第,始见知于欧阳公,因公以识韩、富。皆以国士待轼,曰:“恨子不识范文正公。” 呜呼!公之功德,盖不待文而显,其文亦不待序而传。然不敢辞者,自以八岁知敬爱公,今四十七年矣。彼三杰者,皆得从之游,而公独不识,以为平生之恨。若获挂名其文字中,以自托于门下士之末,岂非畴昔之愿也哉!

古之君子,如伊尹、太公、管仲、乐毅之流,其王霸之略,皆素定于畎亩中,非仕而后学者也。淮阴侯见高帝于汉中,论刘、项短长,画取三秦,如指诸掌,及佐帝定天下,汉中之言,无一不酬者。诸葛孔明卧草庐中,与先主论曹操、孙权,规取刘璋,因蜀之资,以争天下,终身不易其言。此岂口传耳受尝试为之而侥幸其或成者哉!

公在天圣中,居太夫人忧,则已有忧天下致太平之意,故为万言书以遗宰相。天下传诵。至用为将,擢为执政,考其平生所为,无出此书者。其于仁义礼乐,忠信孝弟,盖如饥渴之于饮食,欲须臾忘而不可得。如火之热,如水之湿,盖其天性有不得不然者。虽弄翰戏语,率然而作,必归于此。故天下信其诚,争师尊之。

【注】韩、范、富、欧阳:韩琦、范仲淹、富弼、欧阳修,皆北宋名臣。

(苏轼《范文正公文集》序。有删节)

小题1:对下列句子中划线的词的解释,不正确的一项是

A.居太夫人忧:父母的丧事

B.彼三杰者,皆得从之游:交往

C.汉中之言,无一不者酬:报答

D.其于仁义礼乐,忠信孝弟:尊敬兄长小题2:下列句子中,全都直接表现苏轼对范仲淹敬仰的一组是

①此天人也耶,则不敢知;若亦人耳,何为其不可!

②既葬而墓碑出,读之至流涕,曰:“吾得其为人。”

③若获挂名其文字中,以自托于门下士之末,岂非畴昔之愿也哉!

④而公独不识,以为平生之恨。

⑤虽弄翰戏语,率然而作,必归于此。

⑥故天下信其诚,争师尊之。

A.①②⑥

B.②⑤⑥

C.③④⑤

D.②③④小题3:下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是

A.韩、范、富、欧阳四杰,除了范仲淹外,作者同其他三人都有交往,且被他们当作一国人中的杰出人才一般对待。

B.苏轼认为,自己已认识了韩琦、富弼、欧阳修三人,遗憾还没认识范仲淹,答应为其作序,是为了实现结识范仲淹的愿望。

C.苏轼举伊尹等人为例,是为了与范仲淹形成类比,说明范仲淹早年就有辅佐人君、治国安邦的远大抱负。

D.这篇序言如叙家常,由作者的老师之口引出韩、范、富、欧阳,通过童年的记忆、考中进士后的结交逸事等的叙写,着力歌颂了范仲淹的功德,表达了自己对范仲淹的倾慕之情。小题4:把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)

(1)是岁登第,始见知于欧阳公,因公以识韩、富。(5分)

译文:                                                                  

(2)公之功德,盖不待文而显,其文亦不待序而传。(5分)

译文:                                                                  

答案

小题1:C

小题1:D

小题1:B

小题1:(1)这一年(我)考中进十,才被欧阳公所赏识(了解),通过欧阳公认识了韩琦、富弼。

(2)范文正公的功德,不需要靠文章显扬,他的文章也不需要靠序而留传。

小题1:C项,酬:实现。

小题1:①不能表现苏轼对范仲淹景仰,⑤⑥句间接表现苏轼对范仲淹景仰。

小题1:“自己答应为其作序,是为了实现结识范仲淹的愿望”的说法有违文意。

小题1:(1)被动句式“见……于”、“知”、“因”各1分。(2)“待”“显”“传”各1分。

阅读理解

It is estimated that some seven hundred million people, about half the world’s  adult population, are unable to read or write, and there are probably two hundred and fifty million more whose level is so slight that it is hardly called literacy(有文化).

Recently the attack on illiteracy had been stepped up. A world plan has been drawn up by a committee of UNESCO experts in Paris, as part of the United Nations Development Decade(十年计划),and an international conference of the subject has also been held. UNESCO stresses that functional literacy is the aim. People must learn the basic skills of responsible citizenship, the ability of reading notices, newspapers, timetables, letters, price-lists to keep simple records and accounts, to select the importance of the information gathered, and to fill in the forms.

The major areas of illiteracy are in Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. In Africa there are at least one hundred million illiterate people, which is eighty to eighty-five percent of the total population. In Europe the figure is about twenty-four million; most of them are in Sothern Europe, with Spain, Italy, Portugal, Yugoslavia heading the list (the United Kingdom has about seven hundred thousand).

UNESGO is eager for each country in the world, poor or rich, to wipe out illiteracy.

小题1:The author implies that this world plan is to______.

A.be carried out in the major areas of illiteracy like Africa.

B.be realized in the years

C.be drawn up by Parisian experts

D.be discussed at an international conference小题2:The world plan mentioned in the passage aims at____.

A.asking African countries to take the lead in attacking illiteracy

B.strengthening the function of the UNESCO

C.helping illiterate people learn functional reading and writing

D.training responsible citizens小题3:According to the passage, which of the following countries has the most illiterate people?

A.England

B.France

C.Sweden

D.Spain小题4:Which of the statements is true?

A.The major areas of illiteracy are in Asia, Africa, and Central and South America.

B.In the USA there are at least one hundred million illiterate people,

C.the United Kingdom has about seven hundred million illiterate people

D.In Europe the figure is about twenty-four million; most of them are in Northern Europe.

单项选择题