问题 填空题

按要求写出下列化学方程式,并在括号内注明反应基本类型:

①在氧气中燃烧产生蓝紫色火焰,并生成气体污染物______;(______ )

②电解水______;(______  )

③实验室加热用的酒精灯,通常用的是工业酒精,其中含有毒的甲醇(CH3OH),甲醇在空气中燃烧生成二氧化碳和水,写出该反应的化学方程式______.

答案

①硫在氧气中燃烧产生蓝紫色火焰,并生成气体污染物二氧化硫,反应的化学方程式为:S+O2

 点燃 
.
 
SO2;该反应符合“多变一”的特征,属于化合反应.

②水通电分解生成氢气和氧气,属于分解反应,反应的化学方程式为:2H2O

 通电 
.
 
2H2↑+O2↑;该反应符合“一变多”的特征,属于分解反应.

③甲醇在空气中燃烧生成二氧化碳和水,反应的化学方程式为:2CH3OH+3O2

 点燃 
.
 
2CO2+4H2O.

故答案为:①S+O2

 点燃 
.
 
SO2;化合反应;②2H2O
 通电 
.
 
2H2↑+O2↑;分解反应;③2CH3OH+3O2
 点燃 
.
 
2CO2+4H2O.

完形填空

Is there a chocolate-powered racing car in the world? Hey! You have read too (A)________ children’s books! But wait! Now,there is really such a racing car in the world.A team from a British university made it.

The chocolate-powered racing car’s engine(发动机) uses waste from chocolate factories or vegetable oil as fuel (燃料).Its body (B)用土豆制成,its steering wheel is made from carrots,its seat is made of soybeans,(C)________its brake pads(刹车片)are made from nuts! Well,can this car run very fast? (D) Certainly! It can go from zero to 60 miles per hour in 2.5 seconds,and go as fast as 135 miles per hour.When the racing car is running,it cleans itself and lets out oxygen.

“It took us more than nine months to (E) complete the racing car,”said a team member.“The car is really green. You can find many of the car’s parts at a farmer’s market or even in a litter bin because most of the materials(材料) are waste in most people’s eyes.It’s fun.”

However,(F)this eco-friendly  (环保的) car cannot be driven in the official(正式的)race because of the engine’s unusual fue.

小题1:在文中(A)和(C)的空白处分别填入适当的词 ________ ________

小题2:将文中划线部分(B)译成英语:________

小题3:写出文中划线部分(D)和(E)的同义词语或近义词语:________ ________

小题4:将文中划线部分(F)改写为:the engine’s unusual fuel makes it________ to________ this eco-friendly car in the official race

小题5:从文中找出能说明本文中心大意的短语:________

判断题