问题 填空题

请关注以下两则新闻:①2004年7月底,烟台部分县市区的居民将在日常生活中用上质优价廉的天然气.②2004年5月18日,山西省吕梁交口县蔡家沟煤矿发生特大瓦斯爆炸事故,造成重大人员伤亡.

(1)写出天然气燃烧的化学方程式:______

(2)请用化学知识分析瓦斯爆炸的原因;______.

(3)上面两个例子说明,化学物质可造福于人类,但有时也会给人类带来危害.请你举出生活中的一种物质说明这个问题;______.

答案

(1)天然气的主要成分是甲烷,甲烷与氧气在点燃条件下反应生成二氧化碳和水.

该反应的化学方程式为:CH4+202

 点燃 
.
 
C02+2H20.

(2)瓦斯的主要成分也是甲烷,瓦斯爆炸的原因是:瓦斯易燃,且燃烧时产生大量热量,引起周围空气急剧膨胀,在煤矿中因空间较小,无法及时将热量排出,导致爆炸产生.

(3)化学物质可造福于人类,但有时也会给人类带来危害.如二氧化碳,可供值物光合作用,但又是引起温室效应的主要气体之一.又如水对工农业日常生活及其重要,但若天降暴雨则又易引洪水灾害,给人们带来巨大的危害.等等.

故答案为:

(1)CH4+202

 点燃 
.
 
C02+2H20

(2)瓦斯易燃,且燃烧时产生大量热量,引起周围空气急剧膨胀,在煤矿中因空间较小,无法及时将热量排出,导致爆炸产生

(3)如二氧化碳,可供值物光合作用,但又是引起温室效应的主要气体之一.又如水对工农业日常生活及其重要,但若天降暴雨则又易引洪水灾害,给人们带来巨大的危害.等等

阅读理解

Different colours can affect us in many different ways; that’s according to Verity Allen. In a new programme “Colour me Healthy”, Verity looks at the ways that colours can influence how hard we work and the choices we make. They can even change our emotions and even influence how healthy we are. 

“Have you ever noticed how people always use the same colours for the same things?” says Verity. “Our toothpaste is always white or blue or maybe red. It’s never green. Why not? For some reason we think that blue and white is clean, while we think of green products(产品)as being a bit unpleasant. It’s the same for businesses. We respect a company which writes its name in blue or black, but we don’t respect one that uses pink or orange. People who design(设计)new products can use these ideas to influence what we buy.”

During the programme, Verity studies eight different colours, two colours in each part. She meets people who work in the colour industry, from people who design food packages, to people who name the colours of lipsticks. Some of the people she meets clearly have very little scientific knowledge to prove their ideas, such as the American “Colour Doctor” who believes that serious diseases can be treated successfully by the use of coloured lights. However, she also interviews real scientists who are studying the effects of green and red lights on mice, with some surprising results. 

Overall, it’s an interesting show, and anyone who watches it will probably find out something new. But because Verity goes out of her way to be polite to everyone she meets on the programme, it’s up to you to make your own decisions about how much you should believe.

小题1:What’s Verity’s opinion about colours?

A.Colours help people choose products.

B.Different people prefer different colours.

C.Colours have influences on people in many ways.

D.People working in colour industry know little about colours.小题2:What can you infer from Paragraph 2?

A.Colours influence people’s feelings and opinions.

B.People get ideas for new products from colours.

C.New products are popular because of colours.

D.Most companies prefer bright colours.小题3:The underlined part “goes out of her way” probably means ______.

A.feels very pleased

B.makes a special effort

C.goes on in her own way

D.carries on very slowly小题4: What’s the passage mainly about?

A.How people use colours.

B.How colours influence people.

C.What happens in a programme.

D.What makes a programme believable.

判断题