问题 阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Art museums are places where people can learn about various cultures. The increasingly popular "design

museums" that are opening today, however, perform quite a different role. Unlike most art museums, the

design museum shows objects that are easily found by the general public. These museums sometimes even

place things like fridges and washing machines in the center of the hall.

     People have argued that design museums are often made use of as advertisements for new industrial

technology. But their role is not simply a matter of sales-it is the honoring of excellently invented products.

The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase in a design museum is that the

first tries to sell you something, while the second tells you the success of a sale.

     One advantage of design museums is that they are places where people feel familiar with the exhibits.

Unlike the average art museum visitors, design museum visitors seldom feel frightened or puzzled (困惑).

This is partly because design museums clearly show how and why mass-produced products work and look

as they do, and how design has improved the quality of our lives. Art museum exhibits, on the other hand,

would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something beyond their understanding.

     In recent years, several new design museums have opened their doors. Each of these museums has tried

to satisfy the public's growing interest in the field with new ideas. London's Design Museum, for example,

shows a collection of mass-produced objects from Zippo lighters to electric typewriters to a group of Italian

fish-tins. The choices open to design museums seem far less strict than those to art museums, and visitors

may also sense the humorous (幽默的) part of our society while walking around such exhibits as interesting

and unusually attractive toys collected in our everyday life.

1. Showcases in design museums are different from store windows because they _____. [ ]

A. show more technologically advanced products

B. help increase the sales of products

C. show why the products have sold well

D. attract more people than store windows do

2. The author believes that most design museum visitors _____. [ ]

A. do not admire mass-produced products

B. are puzzled with technological exhibits

C. dislike exhibits in art museums

D. know the exhibits very well

3. The choices open to design museums _____. [ ]

A. are not as strict as those to art museums

B. are not aimed to interest the public

C. may fail to bring some pleasure to visitors

D. often contain precious exhibits

4. The best title for this passage is _____.[ ]

A. The forms of design museums

B. The exhibits of design museums

C. The nature of design museums

D. The choices open to design museums

答案

1-4: CDAC

填空题

二甲醚(CH3OCH3)被称为21世纪的新型燃料,在未来可能替代汽车燃油、石油液化气、城市煤气等,市场前景极为广阔。它清洁、高效,具有优良的环保性能。

工业上制二甲醚是在一定温度(230~280 ℃)、压强(2.0~10.0 MPa)和催化剂作用下进行的,反应器中发生了下列反应。

CO(g)+2H2(g)CH3OH(g)    ΔH1=-90.7 kJ·mol1 ①

2CH3OH(g)CH3OCH3(g)+H2O(g)     ΔH2=-23.5 kJ·mol1 ②

CO(g)+H2O(g)CO2(g)+H2(g)   ΔH3=-41.2 kJ·mol1 ③

(1)反应器中的总反应可表示为3CO(g)+3H2(g)CH3OCH3(g)+CO2(g),则该反应的ΔH=__________,平衡常数表达式为____________________,在恒温、可变容积的密闭容器中进行上述反应,增大压强,二甲醚的产率会________(填升高、降低或不变)。

(2)二氧化碳是一种重要的温室气体,减少二氧化碳的排放是解决温室效应的有效途径。目前,由二氧化碳合成二甲醚的研究工作已取得了重大进展,其化学反应方程式为2CO2(g)+6H2(g)CH3OCH3(g)+3H2O(g) ΔH>0。

该反应在恒温、体积恒定的密闭容器中进行,下列不能作为该反应已达到化学平衡状态的判断依据的是________。

A.容器内混合气体的密度不变

B.容器内混合气体的压强保持不变

C.容器内混合气体的平均摩尔质量保持不变

D.单位时间内消耗2 mol CO2的同时消耗1 mol二甲醚

(3)二甲醚气体的燃烧热为1 455 kJ·mol1,工业上用合成气(CO、H2)直接或间接合成二甲醚。下列有关叙述正确的是________。

A.二甲醚分子中含共价键

B.二甲醚作为汽车燃料不会产生污染物

C.二甲醚与乙醇互为同系物

D.表示二甲醚燃烧热的热化学方程式为CH3OCH3(g)+3O2(g)=2CO2(g)+3H2O(g) ΔH=-1 455 kJ·mol1

(4)绿色电源“直接二甲醚燃料电池”的工作原理示意图如图所示:正极为________(填“A电极”或“B电极”),写出A电极的电极反应式:________________________________________。

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