问题 阅读理解与欣赏

文言文阅读,完成小题 (共12分)

始皇既没,余威震于殊俗。然陈涉瓮牖绳枢之子,氓隶之人,而迁徙之徒也;才能不及中人,非有仲尼、墨翟之贤,陶朱、猗顿之富;蹑足行伍之间,而倔起阡陌之中,率疲弊之卒,将数百之众,转而攻秦;斩木为兵,揭竿为旗,天下云集响应,赢粮而景从。山东豪俊遂并起而亡秦族矣。

且夫天下非小弱也,雍州之地,崤函之固,自若也。陈涉之位,非尊于齐、楚、燕、赵、韩、魏、宋、卫、中山之君也;锄耰棘矜,非铦于钩戟长铩也;谪戍之众,非抗于九国之师也;深谋远虑,行军用兵之道,非及向时之士也。然而成败异变,功业相反,何也?试使山东之国与陈涉度长絜大,比权量力,则不可同年而语矣。然秦以区区之地,致万乘之势,序八州而朝同列,百有余年矣;然后以六合为家,崤函为宫;一夫作难而七庙隳,身死人手,为天下笑者,何也?仁义不施而攻守之势异也。

小题1: 下列各项中,加线字解释不正确的一项是(   )(2分)

A.隶之人,而迁徙之徒也氓:民

B.谪戍之众,非于九国之师也抗:强大

C.行军用兵之道,非及向时之士也向时:先前

D.然秦以区区之地区区:表示数量少小题2: 下列各项中,加点字意义和用法完全相同的一项是(   )(2分)

A.然陈涉瓮牖绳枢之子虽有槁暴,不复挺者,輮使之然也

B.山东豪俊遂并起而亡秦族矣狗彘食人食而不知检

C.仁义不施而攻守之势异也申之以孝悌之义

D.然后以六合为家以五十步笑百步小题3: 下列各项中,对原文有关内容的理解不正确的一项是(    )(2分)

A.文章的语言独具特色,如辞赋一般,辞采华丽,千变万化,多用对偶句与排比句,又多用长句,句子短长相间,读来朗朗上口。

B.文章最后一段从领袖的地位、指挥作战能力、军队的素质和装备四方面将九国之师和陈涉之众进行对比,指出后者远不如秦的力量强大,结局却是“成败异

变,功业相反”。

C.文章先叙述史实,说明秦由兴到衰的过程,再列举大量的事实进行论证,最后得出“仁义不施而攻守之势异也”的结论,收到了水到渠成之功,具有很强的

逻辑力量。

D.全文在叙述的基础上,总结了秦朝灭亡的原因,申诉了作者关于治国应施行仁义的主张。作者的目的是希望汉文帝以秦朝为鉴,施行仁义,以免重蹈秦朝的覆辙。

小题4: 翻译下面的句子(每句3分,共6分)

(1)斩木为兵,揭竿为旗,天下云集响应,赢粮而景从。

(2)试使山东之国与陈涉度长絜大,比权量力,则不可同年而语矣。

答案

小题1:B

小题1:C

小题1:B

小题1:(1)(他们)砍来木棍作兵器,举着竹竿作旗帜,天下百姓像云那样聚拢来,像回声那 样应和着,担着粮食像影子一样跟着(陈涉)。

(2)试着让崤山以东的六国跟陈涉量量长(短),比比大(小),那就不能够相提并论了。

小题1:抗:匹敌,相当

小题1:C“之”为结构助词“的” A.然,一为然而,二为这样B.而,一为顺承,二为转折D.以,一为把 ,二为用

小题1:应是“指出后者远不如九国的力量强大”

小题1:本题考查“理解并翻译文中的句子”考点,能力层次为D,侧重“鉴赏评价”能力的考核。

单项选择题
单项选择题

American Museum of Natural History is one of the largest natural and historic museums in the world and one of the main natural history research and education centres in the United States, set up in 1869 and located in the west of the Central Park, Manhattan District, New York. It (1) 7 hectares in its total area, (2) classical types of buildings. The (3) of ancient creatures and humanity is (4) the first place of all the museums in the world, (5) the representative samples from South America, Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia were collected, besides those from the (6) country, the United States.In the museum, there are five kinds of exhibits, including astronomy, mineralogy, human history, and animals in the (7) times and those in modern times. There are thirty-eight exhibition halls with different (8) from 500 to 1,500 square metres. Besides these, there is a Roosevelt Memorial Hall in (9) of President Roosevelt who supported the (10) of the museum, which is also used to have a special exhibition, showing the new important (11) on natural sciences and (12) affairs and social problems, and special topics connected closely with the life of the citizens. Besides this, it is also used for avocation (13) to have all kinds of scientific activities in the laboratories, centres of natural science and centres for citizens. There are more than 10 (14) research departments mainly(15) for collection of samples, research and work of publication.In the museum, there are (16) and sub-libraries of Aulspond ancient amniote, with about 300 thousand books and magazines (17) natural history, many of(18) are very valuable monographs for the first edition. It has published many expert books and magazines, and a large number of propaganda materials, (19) which are the two magazines, Natural History and Members of Museum that have the biggest (20) of their magazines.

6()

A.wholesome

B.feasible

C.native

D.weird