问题 问答题

某实验小组在测“滑轮组机械效率”的实验中得到的数据如下表所示:

次数钩码重

G/N

钩码上升

高度h/m

有用功W/J测力计

拉力F/N

测力计移动

距离s/m

总功

W/J

机械效率η
120.1020.90.30.2774.1%
240.10.41.60.30.4883.3%
340.11.10.50.55
(1)实验中应该______竖直向上拉动弹簧测力计;

(2)比较第一次实验和第二次实验可得出结论:使用同样的滑轮组,提起的重物越重,滑轮组的机械效率越______.

(3)第三次实验中所做的有用功是______J,机械效率是______.

(4)第三次实验动滑轮个数比第二次实验多,动滑轮自重增大,对动滑轮所做的额外功______(填“增大”或“减小”),因而,由第二、三次实验可知:滑轮组的机械效率与______有关.

答案

(1)实验中应该匀速竖直向上拉动弹簧测力计,使物体做匀速直线运动.

(2)由表中第一与第二次实验数据可知,使用同样的滑轮组,提起的重物越重,滑轮组的机械效率越高.

(3)由表中实验数据可知,有用功W3=Gh=4N×0.1m=0.4J;

滑轮组的机械效率η=

W有用
W
×100%=
0.4J
0.55J
×100%≈72.7%.

故答案为:(1)匀速;(2)高;(3)0.4;72.7%;(4)动滑轮自重.

判断题
完形填空

第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题l分,满分20分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

I know that it's hard to devote enough time to class and to social efforts. But, I wanted to succeed in both. I knew this would be a  36 but didn't realize how much until classes began.

I  37 on well with the other girls who lived in my dorm. Often,  38 finishing my homework before it was  39 to hand in, I went upstairs and had ice cream with my neighbor. I  40 finished it the next day between classes. But I knew it wasn't very good and the  41 I received showed my lack of  42  .I realized that I needed to find some sort of  43 .So, the next day I created a  44 _ that would  45  my time up between going to class, doing homework, and relaxing. It seemed like a good idea, 46  I was only able to  47  it for a few days. A schedule like that had too much   48  .So I tried another plan. This one  49 lists and common sense. Each week I made a list of  50  I had to get done during that week and by which day I had to have it done. Then,  51 the list of things I had to get done, I made a list of things I could do if I had the time. This is the  52 I have used since then. Now, I have started my senior year and I feel time is  53. Scheduling my time has become more challenging, but I continue to do it.

My cousins, who are now in college, tell me that there are a lot of books to read by yourself and many different things to do, with various people and organizations. So I'm  54  that I've learned to balance things and it has helped  55  me for what is to come after graduation.

36.A.disaster            B.challenge         C.trouble             D.competition

37.A.kept              B.caught            C.took               D.got

38.A.as well as          B.in order to        C.instead of         D.not only

39.A.point             B.late              C.ready            D.time

40.A.seldom           B.always           C .hardly          D.never

41.A.degree            B.rank             C.grade            D.title

42.A.intelligence       B.confidence       C.exercise         D.effort

43.A.balance          B.skill             C.change           D.improvement

44.A.form             B.timetable      C.method            D.system

45.A.average           B.arrange          C.divide           D.organize

46.A.and              B.but             C.so              D.then

47.A.accept            B.collect          C.follow          D.insist

48.A.pressure          B.influence         C.question         D.doubt

49.A.provided         B.included         C.formed          D.needed

50.A.anything          B.something       C.nothing          D.everything

51.A.under            B.among          C.from            D.with

52.A.skill             B.method         C.experience       D.way

53.A.important         B.valuable         C .limited        D.up

54.A.glad             B.convinced         C.sure             D.ungrateful

55.A.enable           B.prepare         C.practise          D.equip