A metric is an operational definition that describes, in very specific terms, what something is and how the quality control process measures it. A measurement is an actual value. For example, it is not enough to say that meeting the planned schedule dates is a measure of management quality. The project management team must also indicate whether every activity must start on time or only finish on time and whether individual activities will be measured or only certain deliverables and if so, which ones. Some examples of quality metrics include defect density, failure rate, availability, reliability and test coverage. In this context, quality metrics should be used during ______ (select the best answer).
A．quality assurance
B．quality planning
C．quality control
D．quality assurance, quality control
参考答案：D
解析： 一个衡量指标是对操作的详细描述。在特定的条目上, 衡量标准会说明质量控制过程如何对其进行测量。例如, 认为符合了计划的日期就满足了管理质量是不够的, 项目管理团队必须说明是否每个活动必须准时开始或者只须准时结 束, 以及是否每个活动都要被衡量或者只衡量特定的可交付成果。一些质量指标的例子包括缺陷密度、失败率、有效性、可靠性、测试范围等。在这种情况下, 质量指标应该应用于 ______ 过程之中(选择最佳答案)。 A) 质量保证 B) 质量规划 C) 质量控制 D) 质量保证, 质量控制 质量测量指标是质量规划过程的输出，是质量保证和质量控制 的输入。