通货膨胀对所有消费者都是一个问题。依赖固定收入的人受影响最大。比如说退休的人，他们无法指望在物价上升时工资也提高。不再工作的老年人在通货膨胀时期要靠工资满足需求，这对他们来说是个难题。退休金和其他固定的收入通常没有物价上涨得快。很多退休的人必须削减一些开支来跟上上涨的物价。很多情况下他们不再买一些生活必 需品，比如食物和衣物。甚至对于那些有工作，工资在上涨的人来说，通货膨胀也是一个问题。生活成本上升了，工作的人们必须花更多的钱保证自己的生活质量。买必需品的钱变多了。当工资和物价上涨不同步时，生活质量就下降。人们赚的钱可能不变，但他们的生活不如从前了，因为他们不能购买同等的商品和服务。
参考答案：
Inflation is a problem for all consumers. People who live on a fixed income are hurt the worst. Retired people, for instance, cannot count on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who do not work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to meet their needs in time of inflation. Retirement income and any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices. Many retired people must cut their spending to keep up with rising prices. In many cases they must stop buying some necessary items, such as food and clothing. Even for working people whose incomes are going up, inflation can be a problem. Because the cost of living is going up, People who work must have even more money to keep up their standard of living. Just buying the things they need costs more. When incomes do not keep level with rising prices, the standard of living goes down. People may be earning the same amount of money, but they are not living as well because they are not able to buy as many goods and services.