问题 单项选择题

阅读下面短文,回答问题。
宋代学者称杜甫为“圣于诗者”,这主要是指杜甫在诗歌史上的地位而言。他们把杜甫视为“集大成”者,认为他是位无体不工、无美不备的诗人。到了后世把杜甫简称为“诗圣”,这突出了杜诗的道德含义(郭沫若称其为“诗中圣哲”也是此意),符合杜诗中的儒学内涵。
“诗圣”的名号,使得杜诗所确立的“忧国忧民”思想逐渐成为了主流理论。不管你是否赞成,但都不能不承认诗歌写作应该反映现实和关注国家与人民的命运。南宋诗人就说:“忧时本是诗人职,莫怪吟中感慨多。”这是赞成诗人应该忧国忧民的。也有不赞成的,明代的公安派代表作家袁宏道,提倡个性解放,不同意诗人应有“忧国忧民”的责任感。他在《显灵宫集诸公以城市山林为韵》中说:“新诗日日千余言,诗中无一忧民字”,“自从老杜得诗名,忧国忧民成儿戏。”仔细咀嚼诗意,可见袁氏虽然不赞成此说,但还是把“忧国忧民”看做当时诗歌创作中大多数诗人所遵循的原则。这些都说明杜诗对后世士人影响之深。
诗歌创作乃是中国古代读书人日常功课之一,古代学子平常接触最多的当属杜诗。因为杜诗中规矩井然,学有规范。如应酬中大量运用的律体诗,当以杜甫写得最好,很少率意之作;科举考试中用的试帖诗可以模仿杜集中的“五排”(杜甫以后,很少再有诗人写出像杜甫这样多的高质量的“五排”了)。对杜诗的广泛的模仿从宋代就开始了。书商为了满足这个社会需求,还把杜诗分类编排,给模仿者以便利。这样,杜诗中的思想感情必然会从阅读的渠道渗入到士人们的思想意识中去。因此,说杜诗对后世文人士大夫性格的塑造产生影响绝不是夸诞之词。
中国的文学传统,特别是古典诗词对读者思想情感的陶冶力量是很难估量的。杜甫诗发扬了儒家思想中富于伦理价值的思想,对古代读书人有很大影响;施之于今日的教育之中,也当有积极意义。
(王学泰《诗圣与文士性格的塑造》)

对古代文士积极学习杜诗的根本原因,解释最准确的一项是:

A.中国古代的读书人日常功课之一就是要学习诗歌创作。
B.杜诗合乎格律诗的要求,平仄押韵,规范合理,质量高,数量足。
C.书商们把杜诗分类编排,便利了古代文士们模仿各类杜诗。
D.通过阅读,杜诗中的思想感情容易渗入到士人们的思想意识中。

答案

参考答案:B

多项选择题
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Anais Nin was a famous writer. Nin was born French-Cuban but lived in the United States in her later years of life till she died. Nin’s works had her relationships with authors, artists, and other figures as the main subject. Some of her writings were made into films. Nin was also a visiting lecturer in several colleges and promoted Women's Movement with her strong writings.

Anais Nin was born in France in 1903. Her father was a Spanish artist and a composer living in Cuba (古巴) where he met her mother, a French singer working in Cuba. As a child Nin was brought up in Spain. When her parents separated, Nin and her two brothers moved to New York with their mother. At the age of 16, Nin decided to give up studying and started to work as a dancer and model to reduce the financial burden on her mother so that her brothers could go on with their studies.

In 1923, Nin got married to her husband, Hugh Parker Guiler in Cuba. In 1924, Nin and Hugh moved to Paris where Hugh continued with his banking career and Nin started writing. Nin wrote her first book in print, D. H. Lawrence: An Unprofessional Study in 16 days. In 1939, Nin left Paris as it was a French government’s request to its residents to leave Paris because of the coming war. Nin returned to New York with Hugh and sent her written books to Frances Steioff of the Gotham Book Mart in New York for safekeeping.

In 1931, Nin wrote her book Henry and Jun: From the Unexpurgated Diary of Anais Nin. In 1936, Nin published House of Incest which was a 72-page fiction novel

Nin also appeared and was a part of various films. In 1973, Anais Nin was awarded an honorary doctorate    (荣誉博士学位) by the Philadelphia College of Art. In 1974, Nin was elected to the United States National Institute of Arts and Letters.

In 1977, Nin died in her Los Angeles home after battling with cancer for three years.

小题1:What can we know about Anais Nin from the first paragraph?

A.She was a native American.

B.She started Women’s Movement

C.She gave lectures in several colleges.

D.She wrote mainly about her family life.小题2:Why did Anais Nin give up studying at the age of 16?

A.Because she wanted to help support her family.

B.Because her parents divorced.

C.Because she wanted to realize her dream of becoming an artist

D.Because she moved from country to country.小题3: In 1939 Nin and her husband moved back to New York to______ .

A.enter the film industry

B.stay away from war

C.have her books published

D.promote her new books小题4:What is the passage mainly about?

A.The awards Anais Nin won.

B.Anais Nin and her incomplete family.

C.The hardship Anais Nin experienced.

D.Anais Nin and her great achievements.