问题 问答题

(7)根据最短计算期法对方案进行决策。

答案

参考答案:(1)A方案建设期资本化利息=200x8%=16(万元)
A方案运营期每年支付的利息=200×8%=16(万元)
A方案的投资总额=200+16=216(万元)
(2)A方案固定资产原值=200+16=216(万元)
A方案的项目计算期=1+10=11(年)
A方案运营期每年折旧=(216-8)/10=20.8(万元)
A方案运营期每年营运成本=60+20.8=80.8(万元)
A方案运营期每年息税前利润=170-80.8=89.2(万元)
A方案运营期每年息前税后利润=89.2×(1-33%)=59.764(万元)
A方案终结点回收额=8万元
(3)B方案的原始投资=120+25+65=210(万元)
B方案的项目计算期=2+5=7(年)
B方案运营期每年折旧=(120-8)/5=22.4(万元)
B方案运营期每年无形资产摊销额=25/5=5(万元)
B方案的每年营运成本=80+22.4+5=107.4(万元)
B方案运营期每年息税前利润=170-107.4=62.6(万元)
B方案每年息前税后利润=62.6×(1-33%)=41.942(万元)
B方案终结点回收额=8+65=73(万元)
(4)A方案的净现金流量:
NCF0=-200万元
NCF1=0万元
NCF2~10=59.764+20.8=80.564(万元)
NCF11=80.564+8=88.564(万元)
B方案的净现金流量:
NCF0=-120万元
NCF1=0
NCF2=-90万元
NCF3~6=41.942+22.4+5=69.342(万元)
NCF7=69.342+73=142.342(万元)
(5)A方案不包括建设期的静态投资回收期=200/80.564=2.48(年)
A方案包括建设期的静态投资回收期=2.48+1=3.48(年)
A方案净现值
=-200+80.564×[(P/A,10%,10)-(P/F,10%,1)] +88.564×(P/F,10%,11) =200+80.564×(6.1446-0.9091) +88.564×0.3505=252.835(万元)
因为2.48年<10/2=5年,3.48年<11/2=5.5年,282.238万元>0
所以,A方案完全具备财务可行性。
B方案不包括建设期的静态投资回收期=210/69.342=3.03(年)
B方案包括建设期的静态投资回收期=3.03+2=5.03(年)
B方案净现值
=-120-90×(P/F,10%,2)+69.342×[(P/A,10%,6) -(P/A,10%,2)]
+142.342×(P/F,10%,7) =-120-90×0.8264+69.342×(4.3553-1.7355)+ 142.342×0.5132=60.336(万元)
因为3.03年>5/2=2.5年,5.03年>7/2=3.5年,60.336万元>0
所以,B方案基本具备财务可行性。
(6)计算A、B方案的年等额净回收额:
A方案的年等额净回收额=252.835/(P/A,10%,11) =38.93(万元)
B方案的年等额净回收额=60.336/(P/A,10%,7)=12.39(万元)
由于A方案的年等额净回收额大于B方案的年等额净回收额,所以,应选择A方案。
(7)以7年为最短计算期,A方案调整后的净现值=38.93(P/A,10%,7)=189.53 (万元),A方案调整后的净现值大于B方案的净现值,所以,应选择A方案。

单项选择题

In one sense, we can trace all the problems of the American city back (91) a single starting point: we Americans don’t like our cities very much.
That is, on the (92) of it, absurd. After all, more than three-fourths of us now live in cities, and more are (93) to them every year. We are told that the problems of our cities are (94) more attention in Washington, and scholarship has discovered a whole new (95) in urban studies.
(96) , it is historically true: in the American psychology, the city has been a basically suspect institution, (97) with the corruption of Europe, totally lacking that sense of spaciousness and innocence of the (98) and the rural landscape.
I don’t pretend to be a scholar on the history of the city in American life. But my thirteen years in public (99) , first as an officer of the U. S. Department of Justice, then as Congressman, and now as Mayor of the biggest city in America have taught me (100) too well the fact that a p antiurban attitude (101) consistently through the mainstream of American thinking. Much of the (102) behind the settlement of America was in reaction (103) the conditions in European industrial centers and much of the theory (104) the basis of freedom in America was linked directly to the availability of land and the perfectibility of man outside the corrupt influences of the city.
What has this to do with the predicament of the modern city I think it has (105) to do with it. For the fact is that the United States (106) the federal government, which has historically established our national priorities, has simply never thought that the American city was "worthy" of (107) —at least not to the (108) of expending any basic resources on it.
Antipathy to the city predates the American experience. When industrialization (109) the European working man into the major cities of the continent, books and pamphlets appeared (110) the city as a source of crime, corruption, filth, disease, vice, licentiousness, subversion, and high prices.

A.travels

B.passes

C.flows

D.runs

多项选择题