问题 多项选择题

下列关于贷款损失准备金的说法,正确的有()。

A.普通损失准备金是弥补贷款组合损失的一种总准备

B.普通准备金反映的是贷款账面价值与实际评估价值的差额

C.在计算风险资产时,不能扣除已提取的专项准备金

D.专项准备金的性质与固定资产折旧相同

E.特别准备金不是商业银行经常提取的准备金

答案

参考答案:A, D, E

解析:

商业银行一般提取的贷款损失准备金有3种:普通准备金、专项准备金和特别准备金。

①普通准备金。从某种意义上讲,普通损失准备金是弥补贷款组合损失的一种总准备。普通损失准备金所针对的贷款内在损失是不确定的,这种内在损失可能存在,也可能不存在,还有可能部分存在,但目前无法认定。因此,普通贷款损失准备金在一定程度上具有资本的性质,可以在一定程度上用于你补银行的未来损失。

②专项准备金。专项准备金是根据贷款风险分类结果,对不同类别的贷款根据其内在损失程度或历史损失概率计提的贷款损失准备金。专项准备金由于不具有资本的性质,不能计入资本基础,同时在计算风险资产时,要将已提取的专项准备金作为贷款的抵扣从相应的贷款组合中扣除。专项准备金反映的是贷款账面价值与实际评估价值的差额,或者说反映的是贷款的内在损失,尽管在账务上还没有将这部分内在损失冲销,但实际上专项准备金已经用于弥补目前贷款组合中存在的内在损失,不能再用于弥补银行未来发生的其他损失,其性质与固定资产折旧相同。因此,专项准备金不具有资本的性质。

③特别准备金。特别准备金是针对贷款组合中的特定风险,按照一定比例提取的贷款损失准备金。特别准备金与普通准备金和专项准备金不同,特别准备金不是商业银行经常提取的准备金。

阅读理解

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

Several Ways to Respectfully Disagree

It’s easier to agree than disagree. But we can learn a lot from conversations where we don’t see eye to eye—if we can listen and talk rationally(理性地), that is. _1  These tips can help keep disagreements constructive.

Don’t make it personal. If you get upset, it can help to remember you’re mad at the idea or concept your parent (or friend, coach, coworker, etc.) is raising, not the person.

Use “I” statements to communicate how you feel, what you think, and what you want or need. 2  For example, telling your mom or dad, “You always remind me about my chores on Wednesdays when you know I have a lot of homework” has a very different tone from “I’m feeling pressured because I have a lot of homework tonight. Can I do those chores tomorrow?”

 3  Being a good listener is a way of showing that you respect and understand the other person’s idea. That makes it more likely he or she will do the same for you. When the other person is talking, try to stop yourself from thinking about why you disagree or what you’ll say next. Instead, focus on what’s being said. When it’s your turn to talk, repeat back any key point the other person made to show you listened and heard what was said.  4  

Stay calm. This is the most important thing you can do to keep a conversation on track. Of course, it’s a huge challenge to stay calm and rational when you feel angry about something. You may need to be the mature one who manages the conversation.

 5  Being helpful and considerate toward family members, teachers, or coaches in our everyday actions helps all of us establish a foundation for those times when we might disagree. 

A.Listen to the other point of view.

B.Using “you” statements can sound argumentative.

C.Then calmly present your case and why you disagree.

D.Respect goes beyond difficult conversations, of course.E. Avoid putting down the other person’s ideas and beliefs.

F. You want to find your own path and make your own choices.

G. Unfortunately, lots of us either shy away completely from disagreements or lose it when things don’t go our way.

多项选择题