问题 填空题

写出下列化学反应的文字表达式,并在括号内写出所属反应基本类型:

(1)镁条在空气中燃烧______,属于______反应

(2)加热碳酸氢铵______,属于______反应

(3)硫粉在氧气中燃烧______

(4)利用澄清石灰水检验二氧化碳气体______.

答案

(1)镁条在空气中燃烧生成氧化镁,反应的文字表达式为:镁+氧气

点燃
氧化镁;该反应符合“多变一”的特征,属于化合反应.

(2)加热碳酸氢铵生成氨气、水和二氧化碳,反应的文字表达式为:碳酸氢铵

加热
氨气+水+二氧化碳;该反应符合“一变多”的特征,属于分解反应.

(3)硫粉在氧气中燃烧生成二氧化硫,反应的文字表达式为:硫+氧气

点燃
二氧化硫.

(4)二氧化碳与氢氧化钙反应生成碳酸钙沉淀和水,反应的文字表达式为:二氧化碳+氢氧化钙→碳酸钙+水.

故答案为:(1)镁+氧气

点燃
氧化镁;化合;(2)碳酸氢铵
加热
氨气+水+二氧化碳;分解;(3)硫+氧气
点燃
二氧化硫;(4)二氧化碳+氢氧化钙→碳酸钙+水.

阅读理解

In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.

Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decades. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil, which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.

Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emission (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate (加速) the change from traditional model to a sustainable one.

The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.

小题1: The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that ______.

A.it makes the world warmer

B.it consumes natural resources

C.it brings severe damage to forests

D.it makes growth hard to continue小题2:What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A.China lacks wind and solar energy.

B.China is the leader of the low carbon market.

C.High speed trains are a low carbon development.

D.Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.小题3:To fully develop the low carbon markets, government can ______.

A.cut public expenses

B.forbid carbon emission

C.develop public resources

D.encourage energy conservation小题4:We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to ______.

A.develop sustainable products

B.explore new natural resources

C.make full use of natural resources

D.deal with the major challenge小题5:What is the main purpose of the passage?

A.To introduce a new business model.

B.To compare two business models.

C.To predict a change of the global market.

D.To advocate (提倡) sustainable development.

单项选择题