问题 问答题

(本小题8分。)甲公司是一个生产番茄酱的公司。该公司每年都要在12月份编制下一年度的分季度现金预算。有关资料如下:

(1)该公司只生产一种50千克桶装番茄酱。由于原料采购的季节性,只在第二季度进行生产,而销售全年都会发生。

(2)每季度的销售收入预计如下:第一季度750万元,第二季度1800万元,第三季度750万元,第四季度750万元。

(3)所有销售均为赊销。应收账款期初余额为250万元,预计可以在第一季度收回。每个季度的销售有2/3在本季度内收到现金,另外1/3于下一个季度收回。

(4)采购番茄原料预计支出912万元,第一季度需要预付50%,第二季度支付剩余的款项。

(5)直接人工费用预计发生880万元,于第二季度支付。

(6)付现的制造费用第二季度发生850万元,其他季度均发生150万元。付现制造费用均在发生的季度支付。

(7)每季度发生并支付销售和管理费用100万元。

(8)全年预计所得税160万元,分4个季度预交,每季度支付40万元。

(9)公司计划在下半年安装一条新的生产线,第三季度、第四季度各支付设备款200万元。

(10)期初现金余额为15万元,没有银行借款和其他负债。公司需要保留的最低现金余额为10万元。现金不足最低现金余额时需向银行借款,超过最低现金余额时需偿还借款,借款和还款数额均为5万元的倍数。借款年利率为8%,每季度支付一次利息,计算借款利息时,假定借款均在季度初发生,还款均在季度末发生。

要求:

请根据上述资料,为甲公司编制现金预算。编制结果填入下方给定的表格中,不必列出计算过程。

 

答案

参考答案:

解析:

【解析】第一季度现金收入合计=年初的250+第一季度收入的2/3=250+750×2/3=750(万元)

第一季度期末现金余额=15+750-746=19(万元)

第二季度现金收入合计=1800×2/3+750×1/3=1450(万元)

第二季度现金余缺=19+1450-2326=-857(万元)

假设第二季度为A,则:-857+A-A×2%>10

解得:A>884.69

因为A必须是5万元的整数倍,所以A=885万元,即第二季度向银行借款885万元

第二季度支付借款利息=885×2%=17.70(万元)

第二季度期末现金余额=-857+885-17.7=10.30(万元)

第三季度现金收入合计=750×2/3+1800×1/3=1100(万元)

第三季度现金余缺=10.3+1100-490=620.3(万元)

假设第三季度还款为B,则:620.3-B-17.7>10

解得:B<592.6

由于B必须是5万元的整数,所以B=590万元,所以第三季度归还银行借款590万元

第三季度支付借款利息=885×2%=17.70(万元)

第三季度期末现金余额=620.3-590-17.7=12.60(万元)

第四季度现金收入合计=750×2/3+750×1/3=750(万元)

第四季度现金余缺=12.6+750-490=272.6(万元)

第四季度支付借款利息=(885-590)×2%=5.9(万元)

假设第四季度还款为C,则:272.6-C-5.9>10

解得:C<256.7

由于C必须是5万元的整数,所以C=255万元,所以第四季度归还银行借款255万元

第四季度支付借款利息5.90万元

第四季度期末现金余额=272.6-255-5.9=11.70(万元)

现金支出合计=746+2326+490+490=4052(万元)

现金多余或不足=15+4050-4052=13(万元)

选择题
单项选择题


Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 ques tions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.
Passage One

People in the mass advertising business and others who study American society have been very interested in the question: What does the American consumer like Max Lerner, a well-known scholar who has studied American society, has said that American consumers are particularly fond of three things: comfort, cleanliness, and novelty.
Lerner believes that the American love of comfort perhaps goes back to the frontier experience, where life was tough and there were very few comforts. This experience may have created a p desire in the pioneers and their children for goods that would make life more comfortable. Today, the American’s love of comfort is seen in the way they furnish their homes, design their cars, and travel. How Americans choose a new mattress for their bed is an example of the Americans love of comfort. Many Americans will go to a store where beds are set up, and they will lie down on several mattresses to see which one is the most comfortable.
Cleanliness is also highly valued by Americans. There is a p emphasis on keeping all parts of the body clean, and Americans see lots of TV commercials for soap, shampoo, deodorants, and mouthwash: Perhaps the Puritan (清教徒的) heritage has played some role in the desire for cleanliness. The Puritans, a strict Protestant (新教的) church group who were among the first settlers of America, stressed the need to cleanse the body of dirt and of all evil tendencies, such as sexual desire. The saying "Cleanliness is next to Godliness" reflects the belief of most Americans that it is important to keep not only their bodies, but also their clothes, their houses, their cars, and even their pets clean and smelling good. Indeed, many Americans are offended by anyone who does not follow their accepted standards of cleanliness.
Along with cleanliness and comfort, Americans love having things that are new and different. Perhaps this love of novelty comes from their pride in their inventiveness. American have always been interested in inventing new products and improving old ones. They like to see changes in cars, clothing, and products for the home. Advertisements encourage people to get rid of old products and try new ones, whether the old ones still work or not. And if they cannot afford to buy something now, advertisers encourage consumers to charge it on a credit card. "Buy now— pay later. "

The American love of comfort originated from ______.

A.the Americans’ great pride in their abundant natural resources

B.the early settlers’ belief in hard work

C.the pioneers’ p desire to make life more comfortable

D.the pioneers’ ignorance of frugality and conservation