问题 问答题 案例分析题

星海公司有一投资项目,有关资料如下:

(1)需要在第一年初投资9000万元(其中8000万元用于购买设备,1000万元用于购买无形资产),该项目的初始为2年,贷款5000万元,期限2年,利率6%。按照复利计算资本化利息;

(2)预计投资该项目可使公司第一年增加5000万元销售收入(不含增值税,下同),第二年增加6000万元销售收入;第三年增加7000万元销售收入;第四年增加8000万元销售收入。第四年末项目结束;

(3)第一年不包括财务费用的总成本费用为3150万元;第二年外购的原材料800万元,工资及福利费200万元,修理费20万元,其他费用120万元;第三年、第四年的付现成本在第二年的基础上分别增加240万元和730万元;

(4)项目投产时第一年预计需要流动资产1000万元,流动负债可用额500万元,预计各年需要的流动资产以及流动负债可用额与销售收入的比例不变,当年需要垫支的营运资金于年初投入;

(5)该公司所得税税率为20%,固定资产的折旧期限为4年(在经营期内按照直线法计提折旧,残值为618万元),预计使用4年后的变现价值为918万元;无形资产的摊销年限为两年(在经营期内按照直线法摊销,期末无残值)。公司的资金成本率为10%。

要求:

(1)计算各年需要的营运资金、各年投入的营运资金和第4年末收回的营运资金;

(2)计算各年的折旧与摊销以及期末固定资产处置产生的现金流量;

(3)计算第1~4年各年的付现成本;

(4)计算项目各年度现金净流量;

(5)用净现值法评价该企业应否投资此项目。

答案

参考答案:

(1)第一年需要的营运资金 

=1000-500=500(万元) 

由于“预计各年需要的流动资产以及流动负债可用额与销售收入的比例不变”,所以,各年需要的营运资金与销售收入的比例不变。 

第二年需要的营运资金 

=500/5000×6000=600(万元) 

第二年投入的营运资金=600-500=100(万元) 

同理计算得到第三年、第四年投入的营运资金都是100万元。 

期末时收回营运资金 

=500+100+100+100=800(万元) 

(2)初始期为2年 

资本化利息 

=5000×(S/P,6%,2)-5000=618(万元) 

固定资产年折旧 

=[(8000+618)-618]/4=2000(万元) 

无形资产年摊销=1000/2=500(万元) 

第一、二年折旧与摊销 

=2000+500=2500(万元) 

第三、四年折旧与摊销=2000(万元) 

期末固定资产处置的现金流量 

=918-(918-618)×20%=858(万元) 

(3)经营期第一年的付现成本 

=3150-2500=650(万元) 

经营期第二年的付现成本 

=800+200+20+120=1140(万元) 

经营期第三年的付现成本 

=1140+240=1380(万元) 

经营期第四年的付现成本 

=1140+730=1870(万元) 

(4)各年度现金净流量 

单位:万元 

【说明】营业现金流量=(销售收入-付现成本-折旧与摊销)×(1-税率)+折旧与摊销 

(5)净现值 

=3880×(P/F,10%,3)+4288×(P/F,10%,4)+4796×(P/F,10%,5)+6962×(P/F,10%,6)-500×(P/F,10%,2)-9000 

=3880×0.7513+4288×0.6830+4796×0.6209+6962×0.5645-500×0.8264-9000 

=3338.43(万元) 

由于净现值大于零,因此,该企业应投资此项目。

解析:【该题针对“净现值法”知识点进行考核】

单项选择题
完形填空
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dad was not only my best friend, but my compass. While he was alive, he    me with his actions and advice. He taught me one important  2  “Believe in yourself.”
If there was one phrase my dad  3  liked to hear, it was “I can’t.” He never got to finish high school and 4 two jobs to support his family,    he never complained. Through education and years of hard work, my dad became an excellent journalist.
When I was in high school, I had a  6  time with math. He tried to help me, but I 7 struggled. So my math teacher suggested I meet with him at 7:00 each morning before school for  8  help. I told my dad, “That’s  9 ! I can’t do that!” He replied, “You’re doing it. I’ll sent you to school.” Every morning at 6:45 a.m., we’d leave the  10 . Despite working 12 hours every day, Dad never once  11   driving me to school.
After months of  12  , I was facing the final exam. I was so  13 . On the day of the final, my dad hugged me and said, “Luke,  14   yourself. You can do it.” His words made me realize I needed to trust in my  15  and in the hours of work I’d 16 . When I got my  17   proudly, the first person I called was Dad. He screamed, “Yes! You deserved it!”
Even now, whenever I  18  that a task is too much for me, I think back to that exam. No matter how  19   something is, if you’re willing to work, you can succeed. I’m forever 20  to Dad for that lesson.
小题1:
A.understoodB.forgaveC.guidedD.impressed
小题2:
A.history B.lessonC.skillD.language
小题3:
A.alwaysB.almostC.ever D.never
小题4:
A.tookB.lost C.left D.finished
小题5:
A.soB.orC.butD.and
小题6:
A.goodB.free C.terribleD.short
小题7:
A.stillB.nearlyC.hardlyD.probably
小题8:
A.realB.practicalC.immediateD.extra
小题9:
A.wonderfulB.crazyC.expensiveD.necessary
小题10:
A.house B.schoolC.officeD.farm
小题11:
A.suggestedB.riskedC.enjoyedD.missed
小题12:
A.meetingB.testingC.learning D.interviewing
小题13:
A.excitedB.nervousC.happyD.shocked
小题14:
A.stand forB.hold backC.believe inD.look after
小题15:
A.teacherB.luck C.time D.ability
小题16:
A.wasted B.ignoredC.picked upD.put in
小题17:
A.answer B.gradeC.payD.gift
小题18:
A.hopeB.forgetC.worryD.promise
小题19:
A.differentB.importantC.hard D.interesting
小题20:
A.gratefulB.sorryC.politeD.useful