问题 填空题

请回答下列问题:

(1)电解水的反应方程式是______,反应基本类型是______.

(2)向氢氧化钠溶液滴加盐酸的化学方程式是______,反应基本类型是______.

(3)常用铝粉与氧化铁在高温条件下产生熔融的铁修补钢轨裂缝,反应同时生成了三氧化二铝.该反应的化学方程式是______,反应基本类型是______.

答案

(1)电解水的反应的反应物是水,生成物是氢气和氧气,反应条件是通电,氢气和氧气后面标上上升符号,利用观察法配平即可,由于反应物为一种生成物是两种,所以反应类型是分解反应;

(2)向氢氧化钠溶液滴加盐酸的反应物是氢氧化钠和氯化氢,生成物是氯化钠和水,由于是两种化合物相互交换成分,所以属于复分解反应;

(3)铝粉与氧化铁在高温条件下反应的反应物是铝和氧化铝,生成物是铁和氧化铝,根据最小公倍数法进行配平,反应条件是高温,一种单质和一种化合物反应生成另一种单质和另一种化合物,属于置换反应;

故答案为:

(1)2H2O

 通电 
.
 
2H2↑+O2↑;分解反应;

(2)NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2O;复分解反应;

(3)2Al+Fe2O3

 高温 
.
 
2Fe+Al2O3;置换反应

阅读理解

Shanghai is different from New York in many ways, but there are many things that are similar.

Shanghai is one of the most populated(人口众多的) cities in Asia, and New York is one of the most populated cities in North America. The weather in summer is very hot in Shanghai, and it is the same in New York. Shanghai is a port and industrial city, and New York is too. Shanghai has a problem with pollution, and New York has a similar problem. They both have serious traffic problems.

The traffic problem in Shanghai is caused by many bicycles. The traffic problem in New York is caused by many cars. Most of the people in Shanghai live in apartments in low buildings, while most of the people in New York live in apartments in high buildings. People eat with chopsticks in Shanghai, but they eat with knives and forks in New York. While there are some differences, the main problems of big cities are almost the same everywhere in the world.

66. New York is in _______ .  

A. South Asia     B. North Asia     C. North America     D. South America

67. Shanghai has problems in _______.  

A. pollution             B. population  

C. traffic                D. A, B and C

68. People in New York live in _________.  

A. small houses in low buildings      B. apartment in high buildings

C. apartment in low buildings       D. small houses in high buildings

69. Which of the statements is right?  

A. The weather in Shanghai is hot, white the weather in New York isn't.

B. The traffic problem in Shanghai is caused by cars.

C. People in New York eat with knives and forks.

D. Shanghai is an agricultural city.

70. The main problems of big cities are _______.      

A. different       B. similar     C. complete same     D. polluted.