问题 填空题

如图甲所示,用动滑轮把重为100 N的物体竖直匀速提高2 m,滑轮重力为10 N,不计绳重和摩擦,滑轮的机械效率是_______。若将甲装置改装成乙,则滑轮的机械效率将____(选填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”)。

答案

90.9% ,增大

W有用=Gh=100×2J=200J.W=FS=(100+10)/2×2×2J=220J.η=W有用/ W ="200J" /220J =90.9%.甲装置改装成乙为定滑轮,则滑轮的机械效率将变大。

阅读理解
阅读理解,完成表格。

     Do you know all birds protect themselves by always listening and  watching out for danger? At the
 smallest sign of it,  they will fly away.  Birds that cannot fly are often able to swim fast, or run quickly. 
 Some birds make themselves look bigger and more dangerous by fluffing (抖动) their feathers.          
     Another important protection for many birds is their colors. Their  feathers often have colors that 
match the things around their nests  (巢). Some birds change colors with the seasons.  In the winter they
 are white to match the snow.  In the summer they are brown to match the ground. 
     People sometimes kill birds without meaning to.When people cut down forests to build houses and 
factories, they destroy the homes and food of birds. If the birds have nowhere else to go and nothing to
 eat, they will die out.                                                    
     Pollution may cause some birds to die.  Birds that eat fish from polluted water get poison in their 
bodies. Then they cannot lay healthy eggs.  New birds can't be born.       
     Now people protect birds by passing the laws to control hunting and pollution, by setting up some 
special parks where all the birds are safe from hunters, and by teaching people to care about birds rather 
than kill them.

How do birds protect themselves?

By 1.______.
By fluffing their feathers.
By having colors that match the things around
their nests.
By changing 2.______
Why do some birds die out?

People sometimes kill birds without meaning to.
3.______ may cause some birds to die.
4.______

By passing the laws to control hunting and pollution.
By setting up 5. ______.           
By teaching people to care about birds.
单项选择题