问题 单项选择题

What can be inferred about old nepotism a. Parents maximized the family advantages for the benefits of their children. b. Parents gave full respect to the likes and dislikes of their children. c. Children had their own choice of career and marriage. d. Children willingly lived on the expectations of their families.

答案

参考答案:A

解析:[听力原文]The new nepotism operates not from the top down but from the bottom up: it is voluntary, not coercive; it springs from the initiative of children, not the interest of the parents; it tends to seem "natural" rather than planned. Although no nepotism in the classic sense, it is rightly nepotism because it involves exploiting the family name, connections, or wealth. The method may be different, but the result is much the same.

[分析]: 语义的推理判断。 原文表面上没有提到old nepotism(旧式裙带关系),但根据文中关于new nepotism的说法可以推断出答案。根据原文第一句“The new nepotism operates not from the top down but from the bottom up”,可推测出旧式的裙带关系强调the top down(自上而下),显然这里的“上”指“父母”,“下”指“子女”;此外从第一句后部的not和rather than结构可推测,其中的内容直指old nepotism的特点,即:coercive(强迫的);the interest of the parents (父母的利益);planned (有计划的);由第二句话可推测两种nepotism都“involve exploiting the family name, connections, or wealth”即“利用家族的声望、关系或财富(使孩子受益)”,从上述推测中可知,选项a的说法“父母最大限度地利用家庭优势,使孩子受益”符合题意,是正确答案。[解题关键] 1) 掌握根据反义词推断语义的方法,如根据原文中种种new nepotism的说法推断出old nepotism;2) 掌握同义词替换,如原文中exploiting与选项maximize近义。

选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     The other day in school we were discussing jobs. Our teacher, Mrs. Bolt, said that vocations were very

important and that it was never too early to think about your life's work. Most of the children really weren't

too sure about what they wanted to be. But I knew exactly what I wanted to be, and when Mrs. Bolt asked

me, I replied "A truck driver."

      "A truck driver," repeated Mrs. Bolt. "Why do you want to be a truck driver, Kenneth?" 

     "Because truck drivers are always on the move. They don't have to sit at desks all day. They're out on

the road and they see a lot of the country. The pay is good, too. And you never have any homework."

     The class laughed.

     "Well, Kenneth," answered Mrs. Bolt. "You certainly sound enthusiastic. I guessed that you don't like

sitting at a desk or doing homework. Is that correct, Kenneth?"

     "Yes, I guess so," I said.

     "Well, since you are so interested in becoming a truck driver, I think you should investigate the field a little

further. I want you to go to the library and take out a book on truck driving. And I want you to write a book

report on it and hand it at the end of the month."

     "That's the last time I'll ever tell anybody my secret ambition!"

1. The word "vocations" in the first paragraph here means _____.

A. works

B. jobs

C. holidays

D. ambition

2. Why did Mrs. Bolt ask Kenneth to write the book report? Because _____.

A. she wanted him to learn about the other side of truck driving

B. she was angry with him

C. she was not satisfied with the reasons he gave

D. she wanted the whole class to follow his example

3. Which sentence does not agree with the general idea of the text?

A. Truck drivers are well paid.

B. Kenneth's wish made the whole class burst into laughter Kenneth enjoyed sitting at a desk

    doing his lessons.

C. Mrs. Bolt wanted Kenneth to write a book report.

D. It seemed as if Kenneth did not enjoy sitting at a desk or doing his lessons .

4. Why won't Kenneth tell about his ambition any more?

A. Because he can't realize his ambition

B. He just got more homework to do because he had told Mrs. Bolt about it

C. Because he was scolded by Mrs. Bolt

D. Because he was laughed at by the whole class