问题 阅读理解

In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老)treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.

Shades of that spirit spread over today’s conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light-heartedly out the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, ”Oh boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it’s going to rain.”I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his while

Several months ago I was racing to catch  a him As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Grey hound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile ,”Oh that bus left five minutes ago.”Dreams of head-cutting!

It’s not the news that makes someone angry. It’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s delivered. Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and winning professionals do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didn’t get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.

Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you’re tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn’t ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter mainly told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.

Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warming .Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, ” Oh, that’s all right I’ll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news ,deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded(被轰炸的)person is sure to have.

小题1:In Paragraph 1,the writer tells the story of the pharaoh to ____.

A.make a comparison

B.introduce a topic

C.describe a scene

D.offer an argument小题2:In the writer’s opinion, his neighbor was ___.

A.friendly

B.warm-hearted

C.not considerate

D.not helpful小题3:From “Dreams of head-cutting!”(Paragraph3),we learn that the writer___.

A.was mad at the sales agent

B.was reminded of the cruel pharaoh

C.wished that the sales agent would have had dreams

D.dreamed of cutting the sales agent’s head that night.小题4:What is the main idea of the text?

A.Delivering bad news properly is important in communication.

B.Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.

C.Receiving bad news requires great courage.

D.Learning ancient traditions can be useful.

答案

小题1:B

小题2:C

小题3:A

小题4:A

小题1:作者态度、目的题。把握整体文意,本文主要围绕"好消息使人高兴,坏消息令人气愤"来论述,所以第一段应该是本文作者用于引入主题的段子,选B。

小题2:推理理解题。 由"I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches not for his stupid weather report for his smile"可知C。

小题3:细节理解题。第三段意思是“作者赶车时的不幸经历”,“当售票员告诉他不幸消息,所以他会很恼怒,几乎要发疯了”,选A。

小题4:主旨大意题。整体把握文意,文中多次提到人们对带给自己坏消息的人经常心生怨恨,找准关键词"deliver bad news",选A。

综合题

世界历史的发展表明,各国实现的现代化的道路既各具各色又具有共同点。阅读下列材料:

材料一  列宁说:“在战争结束的时候,俄国就像是一个被打得半死的人……而现在,谢天谢地,他居然能够拄着拐杖走动了!”……这个结果是什么呢,结果就是,把市场,实际上就等于把商品、货币、市场机制引进到苏联的社会主义建设里面去,在马克思主义的发展史上,就是一个重大的突破。

——《大国崛起》解说词

材料二  在某种意义上,有人说,他(美国总统)挽救了市场经济。……开创了市场经济的新模式,在这种模式中,市场规律这只“看不见的手”和政府干预这只“看得见的手”联合起来,共同影响经济,市场的作用和政府的作用同时得以发挥。

——《大国崛起》解说词

材料三   1985年8月28日,邓 * * 在会见外宾时,曾说:“社会主义究竟是个什么样子,苏联搞了很多年,也没有完全搞清楚。可能列宁的思路比较好,搞了个新经济政策,但是后来苏联的模式僵化了。”

——《邓 * * 文选》第三卷

请回答:

(1)材料一中所说的俄国“能够拄着拐杖走动”得益于什么政策?(2分)为什么说它是对马克思主义理论的重大突破?(2分)

(2)材料二中的“他”是指谁?(2分)他所开创的市场经济新模式与以往相比,最大的特点是什么?(2分)

(3)据材料三并结合所学知识,指出“苏联的模式”所具有的突出特点以及后来僵化的主要原因。(4分)中 * * 党人吸取苏联社会主义建设的经验教训,为建设中国特设社会主义采取了哪些重大措施?(3分)

(4)三则材料从本质上体现了两种不同的现代化道路。结合材料,概括指出这两种现代化道路的相同之处。(2分)

单项选择题