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是时,汉还定三秦。项羽闻汉王皆已并关中,且东,齐、赵叛之,大怒。乃以故吴令郑昌为韩王,以距汉。令萧公角等击彭越。彭越败萧公角等。汉使张良徇韩,乃遗项王书曰:“汉王失职,欲得关中,如约即止,不敢东。”又以齐、梁反书遗项王曰:“齐欲与赵并灭楚。”楚以此故无西意,而北击齐。征兵九江王黥布。布称疾不往,使将将数千人行。项王由此怨布也。

汉之二年冬,项羽遂北至城阳,田荣亦将兵会战。田荣不胜,走至平原,平原民杀之。遂北烧夷齐城郭室屋,皆阬田荣降卒,系虏其老弱妇女。徇齐至北海,多所残灭。齐人相聚而叛之。于是田荣弟田横收齐亡卒得数万人,反城阳。项王因留,连战未能下。

春,汉王部五诸侯兵,凡五十六万人,东伐楚。项王闻之,即令诸将击齐,而自以精兵三万人南从鲁出胡陵。四月,汉皆已入彭城,收其货宝美人,日置酒高会。项王乃西从萧,晨击汉军而东,至彭城,日中,大破汉军。汉军皆走,相随入殽、泗水,杀汉卒十余万人。汉卒皆南走山,楚又追击至灵壁东睢水上。汉军却,为楚所挤,多杀,汉卒十余万人皆入睢水,睢水为之不流。围汉王三匝。于是大风从西北而起,折木发屋,扬沙石,窈冥昼晦,逢迎楚军。楚军大乱,坏散,而汉王乃得与数十骑遁去,欲过沛,收家室而西;楚亦使人追之沛,取汉王家;家皆亡,不与汉王相见。汉王道逢得孝惠、鲁元,乃载行。楚骑追汉王,汉  王急,推堕孝惠、鲁元车下,滕公常下收载之。如是者三。曰:“虽急不可以驱,奈何弃之?”于是遂得脱。求太公、吕后不相遇。审食其从太公、吕后间行,求汉王,反遇楚军。楚军遂与归,报项王,项王常置军中。

(节选自《史记·项羽本纪》)

小题1:下列句中加线字的解释不正确的一项是(3分) (  )

A.汉使张良韩徇:带兵占领

B.皆田荣降卒阬:活埋

C.收家室而西西:向西

D.审食其从太公、吕后行间:从小路小题2:下列句子中,全都表现项羽带兵作战神勇,势不可挡的一组是( )

①欲得关中,如约即止                ②徇齐至北海,多所残灭

③相随入殽、泗水,杀汉卒十余万人    ④楚又追击至灵壁东睢水上

⑤汉军却,为楚所挤,多杀            ⑥报项王,项王常置军中

A.①③⑤

B.②④⑥

C.②③⑥

D.③④⑤小题3:下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是(  )

A.汉王致信项王,并且利用齐国、梁国反叛的书信,终于诱使项王无意西征而出兵齐国,为汉王东出伐楚创造了有利条件。

B.田荣田横兄弟前仆后继,先后率众奋起反抗楚军。在城阳作战中,项羽因不能迅速取胜而不得不驻留。

C.项王一方面派诸将北上攻齐,一方面亲自带兵南下与汉军作战,在收复彭城之后又乘胜追击,大破汉军。

D.楚军追击汉王,汉王不惜把自己的孩子孝惠、鲁元二人推到车下,最终他们和太公、吕后等人一起被楚军俘虏,并被扣留在项王军中。小题4:把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(9分)

⑴布称疾不往,使将将数千人行。((3分)

____________________________________             _________________

⑵收其货宝美人,日置酒高会。(3分)

___________________________________________________________________

⑶虽急不可以驱,奈何弃之?(3分)

答案

小题1:C

小题2:D

小题3:D

小题4:①黥布称病不去,只派将领率领数千人前往。

②(汉王)收取了项王的宝物美女,每日摆设酒席宴会高朋。

③虽然情况紧急,车马又不可以驱赶得更快,但是怎么可以舍弃他们呢?

题目分析:

小题1:西:向西逃跑

小题2:①说的是刘邦的事,⑥说的是项羽善待太公、吕后的事。

小题3:孝惠、鲁元两人并未被楚军俘虏,扣为人质。

小题4:注意重要的文言现象:①使:派。将(1):名词,将领。将(2):动词,率领。

②收其货宝美人:省略句,省略主语“汉王”。日:名词做状语,每日。

③虽:虽然。急:情况紧急(急迫)。奈何:怎么可以。

点评:本题选择材料较好,与教材内容结合紧密,故事情节也是学生喜闻乐见的,这对学生答题有一定的帮助。实词的错误选项设置得挺好,学生很有可能将“西”误判为名词作状语。本题有助于学生正确区分名词作状语和名词作动词。

单项选择题
阅读理解

All Ric O Barry wants is to stop the dolphin­killing, so he is headed to this seaside Japanese town, Taiji.The American activist, who is the star of a new award­winning documentary that portrays the dolphin­killing here, got an unwelcome reception when he showed up here this week for the start of the annual hunt.

His movie, The Cove(海豚湾), directed by National Geographic photographer Louie Psihoyos, was released in the United States a month ago but has not yet to come out in Japan.

Scenes in the film, some of which were shot secretly, show fishermen banging on metal poles stuck in the water to create a wall of sound that scares the dolphins— which have supersensitive sonar(声纳系统)—and sends them fleeing into a cove.

There, the fishermen sometimes pick a few to be sold for aquarium shows, for as much as $150,000. They kill the others, spearing(刺) the animals repeatedly until the water turns red. The meat from one dolphin is worth about 50,000 yen, and is sold at supermarkets across Japan.

Greenpeace and other groups have tried to stop the hunt for years.Activists hope The Cove will bring the issue to more people internationally—and eventually in Japan.

Already,the Australian town of Broome dropped its 28­year sister­city relationship with Taiji last month,partly because of the movie.

“Some regions have a tradition of eating dolphin meat,” said fisheries official Toshinori Uoya. “Dolphin­killing may be negative for our international image, but it is not something orders can stop.”

The town government in Taiji—which has made whales and dolphins its trademark—refused to comment about The Cove, or the growing international criticism against dolphin­killing.

Many in Taiji take the dolphin hunt for granted as part of everyday life. They are defensive about The Cove,seeing themselves as powerless victims of overseas pressure to end a simple and honest way of making a living.

小题1:Ric O Barry made The Cove because he wanted to ________.

A.stop the dolphin­killing

B.win an international award

C.support Greenpeace's efforts

D.make Taiji well­known in the world小题2:Viewers can learn from The Cove ________.

A.the advanced techniques to catch dolphins

B.the cruel and bloody dolphin­killing

C.the beautiful Japanese seaside town Taiji

D.the sale of dolphin meat around the world小题3:What is the response to The Cove on the Japanese side?

A.Taiji broke up with its western sister­city Broome.

B.Japanese officials decided to ban dolphin­killing.

C.The town government in Taiji kept silent on criticism.

D.Most Japanese people were against eating dolphin meat.小题4:What does the underlined word “defensive” probably mean?

A.Feeling guilty for killing dolphins.

B.Protecting themselves against criticism.

C.Attacking those against dolphin­killing.

D.Making the determination to change.小题5:What can we infer from the passage?

A.Many people in Japan have seen The Cove in the cinema.

B.The Cove has not influenced Japan's international image.

C.Taiji's dolphin­killing industry has been seriously damaged.

D.The Cove has brought international attention to dolphin­killing.