问题 填空题

如图所示,重为100N的物体A在水平拉力F的作用下,沿水平面以0.4m/s的速度作匀速直线运动,弹簧秤的示数为5N.不计滑轮、绳子、弹簧秤的重力,忽略绳子与滑轮间的摩擦。则物体A受到水平面的摩擦力为________N; 若物体A匀速运动2s,拉力F做功为________J,拉力F的功率为________W.

答案

10 ,8,4

题目分析:在水平方向上使用动滑轮,克服的是物体A与地面的摩擦力.根据测力计的示数和动滑轮的省力情况可以得到物体受到的摩擦力的大小.

利用物体运动的时间和速度,求出物体A运动的距离,然后利用W=FS,即可求出拉力对物体做的功.进而求出功率.测力计的示数为5N,即拉力F=5N,使用动滑轮能省一半的力,所以物体A受到的摩擦力f为10N.

物体的运动速度V=0.4m/s;运动时间t=2s,

由此可得物体A运动的距离:S=Vt=0.4m/s×2s=0.8m.

由于题目中告诉的是滑轮、绳子、弹簧测力计的重力及绳子与滑轮间的摩擦均不计,所以是理想情况,因此不存在额外功,

因此拉力F做的功:W=fS=10N×0.8m=8J.

功率:

点评:作为一个填空题,此题也可以利用P=fV先求出功率,再求做的功.

完形填空
A little girl lived in a simple and poor house on a hill.Usually she 36 play in the small garden.She could see over the garden fence and across the valley a wonderful house with shining golden windows high on another hill.37 she loved her parents and her family, she desired to live in such a house and 38 all day about how wonderful and exciting 39 must feel to live there.
At the age when she gained some 40 skill and sensibility(识别力), she 41 her mother for a bike ride 42 the garden. Her mother finally allowed her to go, 43 her keeping close to the house and not 44 too far. The day was beautifu. The girl knew 45 where she was heading! 46 the hill and across the valley, she rode to the 47 of the golden house.
48 she got off her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the path 49 to the house and then on the house itself. She was very disappointed when she 50 that all the windows were 51 and rather dirty.
So 52 and heart-broken, she didn’t go any further. She 53, and all of a sudden she saw an amazing 54. There on the other side of the valley was a little house and its windows were golden. Looking at her little home, she 55 that she had been living n her golden house filled with love and care.Everything she dreamed was right there in front of her nose.
小题1:
A.mightB.shouldC.wouldD.must
小题2:
A.UnlessB.AlthoughC.SinceD.But
小题3:
A.dreamedB.worriedC.askedD.shouted
小题4:
A.thisB.thatC.itD.which
小题5:
A.differentB.scientificC.musicalD.basic
小题6:
A.beggedB.blamedC.invitedD.paid
小题7:
A.insideB.outsideC.throughD.along
小题8:
A.insisting onB.relying onC.arguing aboutD.wondering about
小题9:
A.travellingB.runningC.ridingD.walking
小题10:
A.madlyB.rapidlyC.exactlyD.possibly
小题11:
A.OverB.DownC.AroundD.Beside
小题12:
A.windowsB.stepsC.centerD.gate
小题13:
A.UntilB.AsC.WhileD.Because
小题14:
A.gettingB.introducingC.leadingD.moving
小题15:
A.feltB.learnedC.concludedD.found
小题16:
A.transparentB.brightC.plainD.wide
小题17:
A.anxiousB.angryC.seriousD.sad
小题18:
A.turned aroundB.cheered upC.settled downD.dropped in
小题19:
A.hillB.valleyC.backgroundD.sight
小题20:
A.imaginedB.decidedC.realizedD.guessed
单项选择题 A1/A2型题