问题 问答题

试述南京国民政府时期的公务员制度。

答案

参考答案:(1)沿革。南京国民政府时期的公务员制度是北洋政府时期的文官制度为基础,同时继承、吸收中国传统考试监察制度和西方文官制度而形成的。
(2)选任。按照《公务人员考试法》规定,公民只有通过公务人员考试,成绩合格,方可获得公务人员任用资格。
(3)权利与义务。公务员及其遗属依法享有的权利主要有俸给权、退休金、保险金权、抚恤金权、身份保障权。义务主要包括执行职务、服从长官命令、忠实于国家利益、保守秘密、保持品行等。
(4)考绩。公务员的考绩分年考、总考两种。年考是对同一机关任同等职务的公务员1年内成绩之考核,总考是对同等叭务之公务员3年成绩合并之考核。考绩的标准为本职工作、学识和操行,评定出若干等级,分别予以晋级、记功、不奖不惩、记过、降级或解职等奖惩。
(5)惩戒。惩戒的原因主要有违法和废弛职务、失职等。惩戒种类有免职、降级、减俸、记过、申诚五种。公务员惩戒的机构是公务员惩戒委员会。
(6)公务员任用时必须举行宣誓,离任时须与继任者交接等制度。

完形填空
完形填空。
      Today it is quite natural to find people shake hands in some situations. People all over the world shake hands
for many different   1  . We shake hands when we meet new people   2   during special festivals. Players often
shake hands before or after   3  . Business people shake hands when they make a deal.
      Why do people shake hands   4   shaking feet? This is because of the fact that a long time ago most people
  5   knives or guns. If some of them decided that they did not want to   6  , they would show their empty
hands.   7   people shook hands so that they could not   8   knives in their sleeves (袖子). Later on, handshaking
became a symbol of   9  .
      Now we don't have to  10   people with guns or knives. However, we still shake hands all the time! The
reason is simple — it is still a way to show friendship.
( ) 1. A. ideas   
( ) 2. A. or    
( ) 3. A. games   
( ) 4. A. such as  
( ) 5. A. lost   
( ) 6. A. cheat   
( ) 7. A. Perhaps  
( ) 8. A. hide   
( ) 9. A. success  
( ) 10. A. talk about
B. reasons     
B. as          
B. speeches   
B. as well as         
B. bought      
B. fight    
B. Happily   
B. lift      
B. victory  
B. worry about 
C. thoughts   
C. but        
C. exercises   
C. instead of        
C. caught      
C. drop        
C. Carefully   
C. pull        
C. pride      
C. know about  
D. excuses         
D. so              
D. programs        
D. together with     
D. carried         
D. speak           
D. Luckily         
D. push            
D. peace         
D. learn about   
单项选择题