问题 问答题

Concern for family values is reducing among younger Japanese as they pursue an inner world of private satisfaction. Data collected by the Japanese government in 1993 show that only 23% of Japanese youth are thinking about supporting their aged parents, in contrast to 63% of young Americans. It appears that many younger-generation Japanese are losing both respect for their parents and a sense of responsibility to the family. Experts attribute the change to Japanese parents’ over-spoiling of their children, material plentifulness, and growing concern for private matters. The shift toward individualism among Japanese is most striking among the very young. According to data provided in 1991, 50% of Japanese youth aged 16 to 19 can be labeled "self-centered", compared with 33% among those aged 25 to 29. To earn the label, the young people responded positively to such ideas as "I would like to make decisions without considering traditional values" and "I don’t want to do anything I can’t enjoy doing".

答案

参考答案:

解析:[参考译文] 在追求满足个人内心需要的同时,日本年轻一代的家庭价值观日趋减弱。日本政府于1993年收集的数据显示,只有23%的日本青年愿意奉养年迈的父母,这与美国青年中的63%的比例形成鲜明对比。这表明许多年轻一代的日本人正在丧失对父母的尊重以及对家庭的责任感。专家将这一变化归咎于父母对孩子的纵容溺爱、物质的富有以及对个人事物的关注程度的日益增强。向个人主义的转变在日本人中尤以青少年最为明显。1991年的数据表明,50%的16岁至19岁的日本青年被归入“自我中心”之列,相比之下,25至29岁年龄段的人中这一比例为33%。之所以被贴上这一标签,是因为对于诸如“我在做决定时不会对传统价值观加以考虑”以及“我不愿做自己不想做的事”等想法,他们均给予了积极的反应。 (1)Concern for family values is reducing among younger Japanese as they pursue an inner world of private satisfaction. 此句主要框架为: Concern for family values is reducing... 句中的介词短语for family values为后置定语,修饰名词concern。 concern有“关心,关怀,关照”等意,又如: the boss’s concern for his employees老板对员工的关心 pursue satisfaction追求满足感 pursue有“追求,寻求;不断努力以取得;继续;从事;贯彻”等意,又如: to pursue further study深造 She has pursued the study of English for three years. 她持续不断地学了3年英语。 inner意为“内心的;内部的;在内的”,又如: an inner room里间 the inner feelings内心的感情 Beethoven’s manuscript looks like a bloody record of a tremendous inner battle. 贝多芬的手稿看似是对可怕的内心思想斗争的血淋淋的记录。 (2)Data collected by the Japanese government in 1993 show that only 23% of Japanese youth are thinking about supporting their aged parents, in contrast to 63%of young Americans. 此句主要框架为:Data shows that… 句中的过去分词结构collected by the Japanese government作data的后置定语,可按汉语习惯,处理为“的”字结构。 (3)It appears that many younger-generation Japanese are losing both respect for their parents and a sense of responsibility to the family. 此句为表语从句,appears意为:“看来;似乎”,又如: She appears very tired. 她显得很疲劳。 He appears to want to leave. 他看来要走。 respect for对……的尊重,又如: The students have great respect for their history teacher. 学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。 a sense of responsibility to the family对家庭的责任感 (4)Experts attribute the change to Japanese parents’ over-spoiling of their children, material plentifulness, and growing concern for private matters. 此句中短语attribute to意为“将……归功/归咎于”。 over-spoiling of their children可译为“对孩子过于溺爱”。 material plentifulness有“物质丰裕”之意,此处可意译为:“丰衣足食”。 growing concern for private matter从结构上看for private matter为介词短语后置,翻译时可调整词序,同时将文中的名词concern转换为动词,译为:“对个人事情越来越关注”。 (5)The shift toward individualism可译为:“向个人主义的转变”。toward individualism为介词短语后置,修饰名词shift。 shift意为“转向;方向的改变”,又如: a shift in the wind风向的改变 the shift of responsibility推脱责任 an eight-hour shift 8小时的工作班 work in three shifts of eight hours 每班8小时的三班制 (6)data provided in 1991可译为:“1991年提供的数字”。 其中的provided in 1991为过去分词短语作名词data的后置定语。 (7)50% of Japanese youth aged 16 to 19可译为:“50%的16岁至19岁的日本年轻人”,过去分词结构aged 16 to 19作后置定语。 (8)can be labeled "self-centered" 此句为被动语态,可译为:“被贴上‘自我中心’的标签”,self-centered可译为“自我中心”。类似结构如: self-educated自学 self-employed个体经营者/自由职业者 (9)responded positively to such ideas as…对这些想法给予积极的反应

单项选择题
问答题