问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面《论语》《孟子》选段,回答问题。

有子曰:“信近于义,言可复也。恭近于礼,远耻辱也。”

子曰:“……道之以德,齐之以礼,有耻且格。”《论语》

孟子曰:“人不可以无耻,无耻之耻,无耻矣。”《孟子》

小题1:根据上面材料说说儒家认为怎样的行为是“无耻的?

答:                                                                                      

小题2:结合上面文段,说说你是如何理解孔子所说的“行己有耻”及孟子的耻辱观。

答:                                                                                      

答案

小题1:不讲信用,不守礼制,不懂道德,不知羞耻等这些都是无耻。 (任意写两点即可)

小题2:孔子认为,一个人的行为,只要自己认为是可耻的就不要去做。孟子认为人要有羞耻心。在现代生活,我们不要让物质的诱惑,埋没了我们的羞耻心。

小题1:

题目分析:抓住文段中“信近于义”“恭近于礼”“道之以德,齐之以礼,有耻且格”这些句加以揣摩品味即可。

小题2:

题目分析:解答本题时要分开解答,先概括孔子的观点,然后概括孟子的观点,概括孔子的观点时要抓住“远耻辱”,概括孟子的观点时要抓住“人不可以无耻”。最后要适当联系现实阐述这些观点在当代的意义。

【参考译文】

有子说:“所守的诺言如果符合于义,那么所说的话就能够兑现。恭敬、谨慎的态度符合于礼,才能远离耻辱。”

孔子说:“……用道德教化引导百姓,用礼制去教育百姓,百姓就不仅会有羞耻之心,还会遵守规矩。”

孟子说:“人不能没有羞耻之心,把没有羞耻之心当成羞耻,那就不会有耻辱了。”

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     London is one of the oldest cities in the world. It is also one of the biggest. But New York is big, too. It

is as big as London if it isn't bigger. There are many streets in New York, beautiful shops and big factories in

it. The streets in New York are just as crowded as in London. And the New York buses carry more people

each day than the London buses.

     There are a lot of places in London. New York isn't as old as London, and it hasn't many old buildings.

The buildings in London are as high as in New York.

     London has more parks than New York. But some parks are much smaller than the ones in New York.

     Now there is a school in New York. It has no lessons every day. It has no class teachers and no school

buildings. The students themselves learn and renew their lessons. They are 15 to 18.They live near the city.

And the students study very hard. They know a lot about different kinds of work in the city. The work of

the school is the best work in the world. The people like it very much and want to do it better.

1. The streets in London are ______ those in New York.[ ]

A. as big as

B. newer than

C. just as crowded as

D. better than

2. In the passage the writer ______. [ ]

A. says New York is larger than London

B. compares (比较) New York with London

C. says he likes New York as much as London.

D. tells us a story about New York

3. In New York, ______. [ ]

A. buses carry more people to the parks

B. more people go out by bus than in London

C. there are more parks

D. there are more schools

4. Which is right? [ ]

A. All the parks in London are smaller than the ones in New York.

B. There is a school without class teachers or school buildings in New York.

C. People don't know the other kinds of work besides the work of school.

D. New York has many old buildings.

5. The students of the school in New York ______. [ ]

A. have their lessons in factories

B. are 15 to 18 years old

C. are all going to be teachers

D. don't study at all

判断题