问题 问答题

“给定资料4”介绍了美国、日本、澳大利亚等国家对公路收费管理中的一些做法。请对这些材料进行归纳,并说明我国治理公路“三乱”问题可以从中受到哪些启示。
要求:内容具体,表述清晰。不超过300字。

答案

参考答案:美国:收费公路少,为提高高速公路运输效率,只对年久失修的“老字辈”高速公路收费;公路收费低,修建公路的资金来源主要是政府征收的机动车燃油税,不存在还贷的情况,同时也有富人捐资修路。日本:高速公路遵循按行驶里程收费的原则,其各种打折方法也堪称一大特色。澳大利亚:公路收费站很少,道路标识清楚。
上述事例对我国治理公路“三乱”问题有如下启示:一是改革我国公路投融资体制。《公路法》已经规定公路建设资金的筹集要通过税收来筹集;可以利用税收杠杆调动富人捐资建路的积极性。二是降低收费标准。按照通行里程、时段、频率进行科学合理地收费。三是合理规划收费站设置。减少对车辆出行的影响,提升公路人性化管理的水平。

阅读理解

How often one hears children wishing they were grown-ups and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets(后悔).

Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved, whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child — things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. But a child has his parents. He is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things or being punished for what he has done wrong.

When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society(社会) as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.

小题1:After a child grows up, he __________.

A.will have little time playing

B.has to be successful in finding a job

C.can still ask for help in time of trouble

D.should be able to take care of himself小题2:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A.People are often satisfied with their life.

B.Life is less interesting for old people.

C.Adults are free to do what they want to do.

D.Adults should no longer rely on others.小题3:The underlined word "responsibilities" in the second paragraph means__________.

A.duties

B.jobs

C.suggestions

D.desires(渴望)小题4:The main idea of the passage is _________ .

A.life is not enjoyable since each age has some pains

B.young men can have the greatest happiness if they work hard

C.childhood is the most enjoyable time in one's life

D.one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in his life

填空题