Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency(crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (91) on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (92) they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (93) with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in (94) to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, (95) as a rejection of middle, class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (96) the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (97) lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (98) to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (99) juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (100) to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (101) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (102) lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also (103) changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; (104) , children are likely to have less supervision at home (105) was common in the traditional family (106) . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other (107) causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased (108) of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (109) of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, (110) a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
A．point
B．lead
C．come
D．amount
参考答案：B
解析： 本题空格所在句子是一个that引导的定语从句，从句的主语是that的先行词changes in the economy，谓语是空格处填入的动词与to的搭配，宾语是fewer job opportunities and rising unemployment。由于四个选项动词都可与to搭配，组成短语动词，如：point to the sharp death in road death(指明马路死亡事故剧增)；too much work lead to illness(劳累过度引起生病)；come to an understanding(达成谅解)；Her standards amounted to perfection(她简直要求事事十全十美)。因此关键要判断哪个短语动词符合句意。
首先，从结构上看，这个短语动词 (100) to应该反映逻辑主语经济变化对宾语减少的工作机会施加的动作。从备选项看，只有B项lead to能表达经济变化与减少的工作机会之间的关系，即经济变化导致了年轻人就业机会减少，其余三项都不符合逻辑，不能说“经济变化指向/到达/等同于工作机会减少”。