问题 问答题 简答题

常用计算儿科药物剂量方法有哪几种?各有何特点。

答案

参考答案:

①按体重计算:是最基本、最常用的方法。每日(次)剂量=病儿体重(kg)×病儿每日(次)每千克体重剂量所需剂量。按每日剂量计算,再按要求分2~3次应用。病儿体重应以实际测得值为准。年长儿按体重计算如果已经超过成人剂量则以成人量为上限。

②按体表面积计算:此法较年龄、体重计算更为准确。小儿体表面积计算公式为:

<30kg小儿体表面积(m[~2.gif])=体重(kg)×0.035+0.1

>30kg小儿体表面积(m[~2.gif])=[体重(kg)-30]×0.02+1.05

③按年龄计算:简单易行,用于剂量幅度大,不需十分精确的药物。

④从成人剂量折算:小儿剂量=成人剂量×小儿体重(kg)/50此法仅用于未提供小儿剂量的药物,所得剂量一般偏小,不常用。

阅读理解

I’m not so sure I like my friends any more. I used to like them — to be honest. We’d have lunch, talk on the phone or exchange e-mails, and they all seemed normal enough. But then came Facebook and I was introduced to a sad fact: many of my friends have dark sides that they had kept from me.

Today my friends show off the more unpleasant aspects of their personalities via Facebook. No longer hidden, they’re thrown in my face like TV commercials — unavoidable and endless advertisements for the worst of their personalities.

Take Fred. If you were to have lunch with him, you’d find him warm, and down-to-earth. Read his Facebook and you realize he’s an unbearable, food-obsessed bore. He’d pause to have a cup of coffee on his way to save a drowning man — and then write about it.

Take Andy. You won’t find a smarter CEO anywhere, but now he’s a CEO without a company to lull. So he plays Mafia Wars on Facebook. He’s doing well — level 731. Thanks to Facebook, I know he’s playing about 18 hours a day. Andy, you’ve run four companies — and this is how you spend your downtime? What happened to golf? What happened to getting another job?

Take Liz. She is positive that the H1N1 vaccine will kill us all and that we should avoid it. And then comes Chris who likes to post at least 20 times a day on every website he can find, so I get to read his thoughts twice, once on Facebook and once on Twitter.

In real life, I don’t see these sides of people. Face to face, my friends show me their best. They’re nice, smart people. But face to Facebook, my friends are like a blind date which goes horribly wrong.

I’m left with a dilemma. Who is my real friend? Is it the Liz I have lunch with or the anti-vaccine lunatic(狂人)on Facebook? Is it the Fred I can grab a sandwich with or the Fred who weeps if he’s at a party and the wine isn’t up to his standards?

小题1:Who is opposed to the H1N1 vaccine in the text?

A.Fred.

B.Andy.

C.Liz.

D.Chris.小题2:What’s Andy probably busy in doing now?

A.He’s running his company.

B.He’s playing golf all day.

C.He’s looking for another job.

D.He’s playing computer games.小题3:According to the text, Facebook tends to ______.

A.present another side of people

B.offer some food for free

C.show endless advertisements

D.get you to more parties小题4:The text is developed mainly by ______.

A.giving examples

B.following the time order

C.listing figures

D.raising questions小题5:The author focuses on the question of ______.

A.what is Facebook

B.what happened to golf

C.who is my real friend

D.who can help me

单项选择题 A1型题