问题 完形填空

第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36~55各题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The western world has always been divided into two types of people—the cool and the uncool.It is a division that___36___ in school.The cool kids are good at _37____ .They are ______38 with the opposite sex .They are good-looking and people want to  __39___ their style.They can do their homework but they don’t make a big effort.That would __40______ be cool.

The uncool kids are in the other corner of the playground.They are very bright ,but they don’t have great___41___skills and they are ____42____ at sports .When they are not programming computers or doing calculus(微积分)in their heads ,they are reading comic books and watching shows like the “X Files” .They are __43____ as the geeks(古怪的人).

Here’s the news.The geeks are _44_____.Make friends with them now or they will put virus in your computer and__45_____ your maths homework to ruin.Geeks might not be popular at school, yet they do pass their examinations, and they might not be too popular at university, but  ______46____ good degrees.

The most important___47____ of the 21st century, computers and IT, has been at least partly created by geeks .Geek heroes like Bill Gates___48_____ others to follow their example .Being a geek is a way of earning good money .And the creation of the Internet gave them a___49_____ of their own to work and play in, making them a global___50_____.Besides ,the effect of the geeks ___51_______ popular culture has started a new trend.It is now cool to be ___52____ .Geek culture is becoming an important part of general popular culture, in which what you know is more important than___53______ you look like.

But there are also_54_____ .Geeks were often bullied or laughed at in school.Now a geek may be your boss .Perhaps it is time for __55___ .

36.A.continues                B.makes       C.remains                 D.starts

37.A.computers             B.study     C.sports                 D.maths

38.A.pleasant               B.popular   C.crazy               D.average

39.A.copy                         B.advance    C.take                      D.act

40.A.not                       B.indeed    C.perhaps                 D.actually

41.A.speaking               B.operating        C.social                    D.experimental

42.A.speechless             B.sharp     C.active                   D.hopeless

43.A.known             B.referred    C.thought                 D.admired

44.A. taking on            B.taking up  C.taking over         D.taking in

45.A.put                       B.cause   C.bring                    D.serve

46.A.win              B.take      C.wish                D.finish

47.A.industry           B.discovery  C.progress           D.development

48.A.promise                B.discourage       C.demand                 D.excite

49.A.chance             B.space     C.world              D.career

50.A.force                    B.company       C.organization        D.department

51.A.of                         B.on         C.in                       D.for 

52.A.rich                      B.attractive       C.handsome           D.uncool

53.A.how                     B.that          C.what                D.how much

54.A.opportunities           B.dangers     C.possibility           D.question

55.A.punishment           B.argument C.competition         D.employment

答案

35—55 DCBAA    CDACC BADCA BDCBA

单项选择题
问答题 案例分析题

背景

由某企业承建某多功能现代化商务综合大厦,地上46层,地下3层,全现浇钢筋混凝土框架一剪力墙结构,主体结构采用泵送混凝土等新技术。建筑物周边都十分接近规划用地红线,周边建筑及地下管线对因工程基坑开挖引起地层变形移动影响十分敏感,且基坑北面邻近地铁。该工程地下室基坑开挖深度较大,为确保基坑开挖安全编制了专项施工方案,专家论证并由安全总监签字确认后实施。该地下室位于总厚度达40多米的淤泥质土之中,根据本工程的特点,经多方案比较,决定基坑围护结构采用80cm厚的地下连续墙,而支护结构则为五道钢筋混凝土水平支撑的总体方案。经验算,可以满足结构变形和稳定要求,确保地下室开挖施工不至于影响地铁的正常运行、周边道路、建筑物及各种地下管线的正常使用。在工程施工中发生如下事件:

事件一:本工程地下水位较高,约为-0.5m,开挖范围位于淤泥质土体内,含水量大,施工必须事前采取降水措施,因基坑围护是采用地下连续墙,具有较好的挡水和抗渗性能。结合实际情况,决定采用轻型井点降水并编制了降水施工方案。

事件二:根据地质勘察资料、上部结构形式、荷载和施工条件等情况,基础施工采用人工挖孔扩底灌注桩与平板式筏形基础,板厚2m,桩基承台连同地下室的筏形基础同时展开施工。基础底板厚2m,桩基承台厚1.8m,混凝土强度等级C40,抗渗等级P8。由于承台和筏板混凝土浇筑量大,在开始阶段施工中出现了少许裂缝。为确保施工质量,项目部制定了以下控制裂缝的措施:

(1)优先选用低水化热的普通硅酸盐水泥拌制混凝土,并适当加人木质素磺酸钙减水剂。

(2)在保证混凝土设计强度等级的前提下,适当提高水灰比,减少水泥用量。

(3)降低混凝土的浇筑温度,控制混凝土内外温差在30℃以内。

(4)分层分块逐步浇筑,加强养护,及时对混凝土进行覆盖保温、保湿材料。

(5)预埋冷却管,通人循环水将混凝土内部降温。

事件三:在进行办公楼大厅顶盖模板支架预应力混凝土空心板现场浇筑施工时,发生模板支撑体系坍塌事故,造成6人死亡、12人受伤。经有关部门调查,造成事故主要原因是模板支架搭设质量不符合要求;现场搭设模板支架中使用的部分钢管材料存在质量缺陷;施工现场管理存在严重问题。事后,建设行政主管部门对该施工企业作了相应的行政处罚,公安机关依法对有关责任单位的涉案人员追究刑事责任。

分析说明事件二承台和筏板混凝土浇筑中出现裂缝的主要原因是什么?