问题 单项选择题

输血后感染HIV,这是经

A.医源性传播
B.垂直传播
C.食物传播
D.接触传播
E.飞沫传播

答案

参考答案:A

解析:飞沫传播是指病人喷出的含有大量病原体的飞沫直接被他人吸入而引起感染,脑膜炎双球菌、流行性感冒病毒、百日咳杆菌等引起的疾病,常经此方式传播。肠道传染病通常是经食物传播引起,也可以经饮水和接触传播引起。病原体通过母体传给子代称为垂直传播。感染艾滋病病毒(HIV)的孕妇使病毒经胎盘累及胎儿,称为经胎盘传播,属于垂直传播的一种。被狗咬伤后感染狂犬病病毒,这是经接触传播而致。接触传播又分为直接接触传播和间接接触传播。直接接触传播是指在没有外界因素参与下,传染源直接与易感者接触而引起感染的一种传播途径,性病、某些被动物咬伤而引起的传染病(如狂犬病)等属于这种形式;间接接触传播是指间接接触了被污染的物品造成感染所引起的疾病传播。在间接传播过程中,手起着重要作用。传染源排出的病原体很容易污染自己的手,而手再污染其他物品,易感者在日常生活中容易接触这些被污染的物品而受到感染。因此,这种传播方式又称为日常生活接触传播。肠道传染病和一些病原体在外界环境中抵抗力强的呼吸道传染病,如白喉、结核病等常以此途径传播。接受被艾滋病病毒污染的血液或血制品而感染艾滋病,属于医源性传播的一种。医源性传播是指在医疗、预防工作中,由于未能严格执行规章制度和操作规程,从而引起某些传染病的传播。其传播形式通常分为两类:一类是易感者在接受治疗、检查或预防措施时由于所用器械、针筒、针头、采血器、导尿管等被污染而引起感染;另一类是由于输血或使用生物制品、药物等引起感染。艾滋病、乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎及巨细胞病毒等所引起的疾病可通过此途径传播。

单项选择题
完形填空
Adults are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced in the meantime.A man who has not had an opportunity to go swimming for years can     swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after several decades and still       away.A mother who has not      the words or years can teach her daughter the poem that begins " Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or        the story of Cinderella or Snow White .
One explanation is the law of over learning, which can be stated as following:        we have learned something, additional learning increases the        of time we will remember it.In childhood, we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and        ourselves of poems such as "Twinkle.twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella or Snow White.We not only learn but
      
The law of over learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination.      it may result in a passing grade, is not a        way to learn a school course.By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is       soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little over learning,       , is usually a good investment toward the future.
小题1:
A.onlyB.hardlyC.stillD.even
小题2:
A.walkB.driveC.travelD.ride
小题3:
A.thought aboutB.cared forC.showed upD.brought up
小题4:
A.rewriteB.repeatC.singD.recite
小题5:
A.BeforeB.OnceC.UntilD.Unless
小题6:
A.accuracyB.unitC.limitD.length
小题7:
A.remindB.informC.warmD.recall
小题8:
A.reciteB.overlcarnC.researchD.improve
小题9:
A.thoughB.soC.ifD.after
小题10:
A.convenientB.demandingC.satisfactoryD.fast
小题11:
A.possibleB.likelyC.probableD.perhaps
小题12:
A.at mostB.by the wayC.on the other hand D.in the end