问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面《论语》选段,回答问题。(6分)

①子曰:“由也!女闻六言六蔽矣乎?”对曰:“未也。”“居,吾语女:好仁不好学,其蔽也愚;好知不好学,其蔽也荡;好信不好学,其蔽也贼;好直不好学,其蔽也绞;好勇不好学,其蔽也乱;好刚不好学,其蔽也狂。”  (《论语·阳货》)

②子曰:“恭而无礼则劳,慎而无礼则葸,勇而无礼则乱,直而无礼则绞。’”  (《论语·泰伯》)

③子夏曰:“贤贤易色;事父母,能竭其力;事君,能致其身;与朋友交,言而有信。虽曰未学,吾必谓之学矣。”  (《论语·学而》)

小题1:孔子认为不学会造成什么样的后果?(2分)

                                                                                         

小题2:材料所说的“好学”有哪些内涵?对你有什么启发?(4分)

                                                                                         

答案

小题1:偏执而不好学,就容易变得愚蠢、放荡、恃才傲物,害人害己。   

小题2:孔子所说的“好学”,主要是指人格修养(礼)和道德实践。其启发意义主要是:在努力学习知识技能的同时,也要努力完善自己的道德品质。 

小题1:

题目分析:抓住原文中“其蔽也愚”“其蔽也荡”“其蔽也贼”“其蔽也绞”“其蔽也乱”“其蔽也狂”这几句中每一句最后一个字来揣摩概括即可。

小题2:

题目分析:根据第②子曰:“恭而无礼则劳,慎而无礼则葸,勇而无礼则乱,直而无礼则绞。’”可知孔子强调的是礼的重要性,再根据第③“与朋友交,言而有信”可见孔子所说的“好学”主要是指人格修养和道德实践。

参考译文:

①孔子说:“仲由,你听说过六种德行、六种弊病吗?”仲由回答:“没有啊。”孔子道:“坐下,我告诉你:一味喜欢仁而不喜欢学,它的弊病是愚蠢(不应以仁爱之心对待的,却以仁爱之心去对待);一味喜欢聪明而不喜欢学,它的弊病是放浪而没有准则;一味喜欢诚信而不喜欢学,它的弊病是害人害己;一味喜欢耿直而不喜欢学,它的弊病是因急切而伤害人;一味喜欢勇猛而不喜欢学,它的弊病是犯上作乱、闯祸;一味喜欢刚强而不喜欢学,它的弊病是狂妄而不知道天高地厚。”

②孔子说:“一味谦恭而不拿礼来作节制就会很辛苦,一味慎重而不拿礼来作节制就会畏首畏尾,一味勇猛而不拿礼来作节制就会犯上作乱、闯祸,一味直率而不拿礼来作节制就会急切而伤害人。”

③子夏说:“尊重有才有德的人而看轻女色;侍奉父母,能够竭尽自己的力量;侍奉君上,能够贡献自己的身家性命;跟朋友交往,说话诚实有信用:这种人虽说没学,我也一定说他学了。”

阅读理解

If you like bicycling as much as you like playing ball and can’t seem to decide between the two sports, you may want to consider cycle ball—a fun sport that adopts the key attributes from both activities and transforms it into a totally new game..

Also known as red ball, the game was invented in 1893 by German laborers who wished to play polo(马球), but could not afford horses. While the sport has not caught on in North America, it is very fashionable in Europe and even Japan.

Played in an indoor court, cycle ball is similar to soccer in many ways—the aim is to score as many goals as possible, and only the goalkeeper is allowed to touch the ball.

The one big difference? Use of legs is forbidden. Instead, players have to guide the ball across the court, using the front wheels of their bicycles or with their heads. In fact, if a player even touches the floor with his feet during the 14-minute game, it is considered a foul(犯规) and the opposing team gets a free kick.

While the game was initially(最初) played with normal bikes, things are a little different now. The seats of these specialized bikes are positioned over the back tire and they sport a single fixed gear, making it easier for the rider to control the constant back and forth movement required for the game. The handlebars(车把) also point straight up so that the competitors can sit upright while playing and they are about twice the weight of normal bikes, which helps with the stability.

While cycle ball may sound a little strange, it is a fast-paced sport that requires much training, skill, and, is also really fun to watch.

小题1:What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.The origin and development of soccer

B.The differences between cycle ball and soccer.

C.The most popular sports game in the world.

D.A new and fun sports game—cycle ball小题2:What does the underlined phrase “caught on” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.turned up

B.hung up

C.come about

D.become popular小题3:What can we know about cycle ball?

A.It is a fast-paced game played in an indoor court

B.It was invented in 1893 by poor British people.

C.It is another name of soccer played by many people.

D.It is a strange game played with normal bikes.小题4:It can be known from the passage that __________.

A.every player who is playing cycle ball is allowed to touch the ball.

B.the aim of playing cycle ball is to score as many goals as possible.

C.if a player touches the floor with his feet, the opposing team will win

D.heads are not allowed to be used to guide the ball across the court.小题5:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A.Cycle ball is popular both in Japan and other Asian countries.

B.The cycle ball game is popular all over the world.

C.A cycle ball game takes 14 minutes.

D.Cycle ball has to be played with heads, legs or the front wheels.

单项选择题