问题 问答题

(46)The climatic phenomenon that is being blamed for floods, hurricanes and early snowstorms also deserves credit for encouraging plant growth and helping to control the pollutant linked to global warming, a new study shows.
E1 Nino—the periodic warming of eastern Pacific Ocean waters—causes a burst of plant growth throughout the world, and this removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, researchers have found.
(47)The new study shows that natural weather events,such as the brief warming caused by E1 Nino, have a much more dramatic effect than previously believed on how much carbon dioxide is absorbed by plants and how much of the gas is expelled by the soil.
Atmospheric carbon dioxide, or CO2, has been increasing steadily for decades. This is thought to be caused by an expanded use of fossil fuels and by toppling of tropical forests. Scientists have linked the CO2 rise to global warming, a phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect. (48)Alarmed, nations of the world now are drawing up new conservation policies to reduce fossil fuel burning, in hopes of reducing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
But David Schimel of the National Center for Atmospheric Research,a co-author of the new study, says that before determining how much to reduce fossil fuel burning we should consider the effects of natural climate variations on the ability of plants to absorb CO2.
Schimel said satellite measurements of CO2, plant growth and temperature show that natural warming events such as E1 Nino at first cause more CO2 to be released into the atmosphere, probably as the result of accelerated decay of dead plant matter in the soil. But later, within two years, there is an explosion of growth in forests and grasslands, which means plants suck more carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.
" We think that there is a delayed response in vegetation and soil to the warming effects of such phenomena as E1 Nino, and this leads to increased plant growth, " said Schimel.
(49)However, he said, it is not clear whether the warming by E1 Nino causes a net decrease in the buildup of CO2 over the long haul. " We don’t really know that yet, " said Schimel. What the study does show, however, is that the rise and fall of CO2 in the atmosphere is ply influenced by natural changes in global temperature, said B. H. Braswell of the University of New Hampshire, another co-author of the study.
Braswell said that in years when the global weather is cooler than normal, there is a decrease in both the decay of dead plants and in new plant growth. This causes an effect that is the opposite of E1 Nino warming: CO2 atmosphere levels first decline and later increase.
(50) " I think we have demonstrated that the ecosystem has a lot more to do with climate change than was previously believed," said Braswell, " Focusing on the role of human activity in climate change is important, but manmade factors are not the only factors. \

答案

参考答案:[参考译文] 然而,从长远来看,厄尔尼诺造成的气候变暖是否最终会引起二氧化碳积聚量的下降,这一点还不清楚。

解析: 句子的框架是However, he said, it is not clear whether the warming…causes…。句中he said是插入语,it is not clear…是主句;it是形式主语,真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句,主语从句中的介词短语in the built-up of CO2中built-up的意思是“增长,积聚”;词组over the long haul是“从长远来看”之意。

问答题 案例分析题

案例北京顺鑫农业发展集团有限公司筹资、分配决策分析【案例背景】北京顺鑫农业发展集团有限公司(以下简称顺鑫公司)位于具有“绿色国际港”美誉的北京市顺义区,是一家集农产品生产、加工、物流、销售为一体的综合性大型企业集团。顺鑫公司下设六家分公司和十六家控股子公司。公司遵循“诚信、敬业、创新、高效”的企业精神,深入分析宏观环境变化、行业发展趋势和自身产业的核心竞争力,锐意进取,创新经营,围绕现代农业概念,以农产品加工为载体,农产品物流配送为平台,打造集生产、加工、物流、销售于一体的农产品加工物流配送产业链。同时把握房地产开发和水利、建筑施工业的发展机遇,积极培育农业旅游观光业务。公司连续多年被评为农业产业化国家重点龙头企业、中国制造业500强、中国食品工业企业100强。白酒业务、肉食品加工业务、农产品物流业务、房地产业务、水利建筑施工业务、饮料饮品业务六大业务发展迅速,形成了产业链完善、多板块发展的良好格局。公司拥有年屠宰生猪能力达360万头的北京市最大的安全生肉生产基地;拥有国家级重点种畜禽场--小店畜禽良种场,是国内品种全、质量好、健康无疫病的优质种猪资源供应基地;公司下属牛栏山酒厂拥有国家级企业实验室,300余年悠久历史的“中华老字号”--牛栏山二锅头酒驰名中外,远销欧美多个国家和地区,并成为中国247个驻外机构的特供酒和“中国维和用酒”。公司始终专注于食品安全体系和农产品物流配送系统建设,下属鹏程食品分公司和创新食品分公司顺利完成2008年北京奥运会、残奥会食品供应任务。公司始终遵循“诚信、敬业、创新、高效”的企业精神,秉承“诚信为人,用心做事,勇于创新,服务至上”的价值观念,坚持生产经营与资本经营并重,以科技带动优势产业发展,促进科技与产业的结合,不断创新,勇攀高峰,为社会提供更加优质、安全、放心的产品,在引领现代农业发展的道路上阔步前进。顺鑫集团2013年年初的负债及所有者权益总额为13000万元,其中,债务资本为2000万元(全部是按面值发行的债券,票面利率为8%);普通股股本为5000万元(每股面值1元);资本公积为4000万元;留存收益2000万元。2014年该公司为扩大生产规模,需要再筹集5000万元资金购买一套设备和生产线。进行筹资决策讨论时:财务部经理认为可以考虑采用20股配l股,配股价20元/股的方式筹集需要的权益资金,配股前股票市价为26元/股。生产部经理提出能否通过租赁获得扩大生产规模的设备。市场部经理提出可以考虑采用混合筹资的方式来获取资金。最终确定了以下两个筹资方案可供选择:方案一:全部通过增发普通股筹集,预计每股发行价格为25元;方案二:全部通过增发债券筹集,按面值发行,票面利率为10%。在进行筹资决策时:预计2014年可实现息税前利润1500万元,固定经营成本1000万元,适用的企业所得税税率为30%。为了体现对股东的合理回报,鼓励员工的积极性,制定了股利分配政策:“按照公司利润的固定比例,采取现金或股票方式向股东分配股利,公司连续三年以现金方式累计分配的利润不少于该三年实现的年均可分配利润的30%”。【案例要求】(1)分别计算两方案筹资后的联合杠杆系数和每股收益,并根据计算结果确定筹资方案。(2)假设按照财务部经理的意见,假设所有股东都参与配股,配股前公司每股价格是26元,计算该公司股票的配股除权价格、配股后每股价格以及配股权价值。(3)说明在我国配股权的含义以及配股的目的。(4)说明配股需要符合的特殊条件。(5)说明我国对于公开增发新股的特别规定。(6)说明股权再融资对公司的影响。(7)简述普通股筹资的优点。(8)说明顺鑫公司在进行股利发放时需要考虑的因素有哪些;并简要说明在制定股利分配政策时通常应考虑公司经营情况和经营能力方面的哪些主要因素。简要说明企业如果采用股票股利分配的意义。(9)简述在实务中,企业可以采用的股利分配政策有哪些。根据资料所述判断顺鑫公司的股利分配政策,指出该政策属于哪种类型的股利分配政策,简要说明理由,并简述该种股利分配政策的优缺点。(10)请简述生产部经理采用租赁的原因。(11)简述市场部经理提到的混合筹资包括哪几种类型,以及它们的优缺点。

单项选择题