问题 实验题

工业上从废铅蓄电池的铅膏回收铅的过程中,可用碳酸盐溶液与处理后的铅膏(主要成分为

PbSO4)发生反应:PbSO4(s)+CO32-(aq)PbCO3(s)+SO42-(aq)某课题组用PbSO4为原料模拟该过程,探究上述反应的实验条件及固体产物的成分。

(1)上述反应的平衡常数表达式:K= __________

(2)室温时,向两份相同的PbSO4样品中分别加入同体积、同浓度的Na2CO3和NaHCO3溶液均可实现上述转化,在__________溶液中PbSO4转化率较大,理由是____________________

(3)查阅文献:上述反应还可能生成碱式碳酸铅铅[2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2],它和PbCO3受热都易分解生成PbO。该课题组对固体产物(不考虑PbSO4)的成分提出如下假设,请你完成假设二和假设三:

假设一:全部为PbCO3;假设二:__________假设三:__________

(4)为验证假设一是否成立,课题组进行如下研究。

①定性研究:请你完成下表中内容。

②定量研究:取26.7mg的干燥样品,加热,测得固体质量随温度的变化关系如下图。某同学由图中信息得出结论:假设一不成立。你是否同意该同学的结论,并简述理由:

____________________。

答案

(1)

(2) Na2CO3;相同浓度的Na2CO3和NaHCO3溶液中,前者c(CO32-)较大  

(3)全部为PbCO3·Pb(OH)2;PbCO3与PbCO3·Pb(OH)2的混合 物 

⑷ ①

②同意,若全部为PbCO3,26.7 g完全分解后,其固体质量为22.3 g  (或不同意,实验最终得到固体的质量与全部为PbCO3分解所得固体质量相差不大,可能是实验过程中产生的误差引起的)

判断题
单项选择题

A narrowing of your work interests is implied in almost any transition from a study environment to managerial or professional work. In the humanities and social sciences you will at best reuse only a fraction of the material (1) in three or four years’ study. In most career paths academic knowledge only (2) a background to much more applied decision-making. Even with a " training " form of degree, (3) a few of the procedures or methods (4) in your studies are likely to be continuously relevant in your work. Partly this (5) the greater specialization of most work tasks compared (6) studying. Many graduates are not (7) with the variety involved in (8) from degree study in at least four or five subjects a year to very standardized job (9) . Academic work values (10) inventiveness, originality, and the cultivation of self-realization and self-development. Emphasis is placed (11) generating new ideas and knowledge, assembling (12) information to make a " rational " decision, appreciating basic (13) and theories, and getting involved in fundamental controversies and debates. The humanistic values of higher (14) encourages the feeling of being (15) in a process with a self-developmental rhythm. (16) , even if your employers pursue enlightened personnel development (17) and invest heavily in " human capital " —for example, by rotating graduate trainees to (18) their work experiences—you are still likely to notice and feel (19) about some major restrictions of your (20) and activities compared with a study environment.

(1)()

A.restricted

B.covered

C.spread

D.confirmed