问题 填空题

实验室有四个药品橱,已存放如下药品:

甲橱乙橱丙橱丁橱
36.5%浓盐酸

98%浓硫酸

红磷

氢氧化钙

氢氧化钠

胆矾

石灰石

(1)实验室新购进一些石墨,其化学式是______.,应将它存放在 橱中______.

(2)丙橱中可用于制肥皂、造纸等的碱是______.

(3)丁橱中药品都属于______类别.(填“酸”、“碱”或“盐”),胆矾加热分解的现象是______.

(4)写出乙橱中红磷燃烧的化学方程式是______.

(5)甲橱中36.5%浓盐酸长期放置溶液的质量会变小,是.因为浓盐酸具有______性.

答案

(1)石墨是固体非金属,它的化学式直接用元素符号表示,为C;红磷和硫都是固态的非金属单质,与石墨相同,石墨应放在乙处.

(2)碱是电离时生成的阴离子全部是氢氧根离子的化合物,氢氧化钠和氢氧化钙都是碱,但氢氧化钙的用途是作建筑材料,氢氧化钠的用途是用于制肥皂、造纸等.

(3)盐是指由金属离子(或铵根离子)和酸根离子构成的化合物,胆矾和石灰石符合盐的定义;蓝色的胆矾在加热的条件下能分解生成白色的硫酸铜粉末和水,所以胆矾加热分解的现象是蓝色固体变白色,试管口有小液滴.

(4)红磷燃烧是红磷与空气中的氧气在点燃条件下反应,生成五氧化二磷,所以方程式为:4P+5O2

 点燃 
.
 
2P2O5.(5)浓盐酸有很强的挥发性,长期放置会挥发出大量的氯化氢气体,所以溶液的质量会变小.

故答案为:(1)C;乙;(2)NaOH(氢氧化钠);(3)盐;蓝色固体变白色,试管口有小液滴;(4)4P+5O2

 点燃 
.
 
2P2O5;(5)挥发.

阅读理解

Penny was a five-year-old girl. One day when she and her mother were in a department store, Penny saw a plastic pearl necklace (珍珠项链). What a beautiful necklace! She wanted it very much, so she begged(乞求)her mother to buy it for her. The mother said, “Well, I can buy you the necklace, but when we get home, we should discuss what you can do to pay for it. Can we do that?” Penny agreed with much happiness, and she got the necklace.

How much Penny loved the necklace! She wore it everywhere and every minute. Penny also did part - time jobs to make pocket money. She worked very hard. Soon she succeeded in paying off the price for the necklace.

Penny’s daddy knew how she tried her best to get the necklace. He also knew how much Penny cared about it. One night, he asked Penny if she loved him. “Sure, Daddy.” the little girl said. “Then how about giving me your necklace?” “Oh, no, Daddy! Not my necklace!” Penny cried. “Oh, dear, it’s fine.” her father gave her a kiss.

Several days later, Penny went to her daddy, with her lips(嘴唇) trembling(颤抖). “Here, Daddy. I love you.” She held out her hand. Inside it was the plastic pearl necklace that she loved so much.

When he saw this, Penny’s father smiled with surprise. He then pulled a cute box out of his pocket. Inside the box was a real and colourful pearl necklace, which was waiting for Penny for so long. 

小题1: One day, Penny___________ in a department store.

A.went to buy a necklace

B.got a plastic pearl necklace

C.bought her mother a pearl necklace

D.asked her mother to buy something tasty小题2: Why did Penny’s mother ask Penny to pay for the necklace herself? Because _______.

A.she didn’t have enough money

B.she wanted to buy her a real pearl necklace

C.she thought it was not right for little kids to wear a necklace

D.she wanted Penny to know that one should buy and pay for oneself小题3:Why did Penny’s father give a real necklace to her at the end of the story? Because ________.

A.Penny wanted one

B.Penny gave him a plastic one

C.he was pleased to see that Penny had learned what love is

D.he thought that people would laugh at him if Penny wore a plastic one小题4:According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? _______ .

A.Penny worked hard to pay for the plastic necklace

B.Penny’s father wanted the plastic necklace

C.Penny knew her father had bought her a real necklace

D.Penny gave the plastic necklace to her father because she didn’t like it any more小题5: From the passage, we can learn __________.

A.parents should buy their kids everything

B.kids should love their parents

C.parents shouldn’t ask for anything from their kids

D.how to educate kids in a right way

单项选择题