问题 问答题 简答题

经济增长的源泉是什么?

答案

参考答案:

关于经济增长的源泉,宏观经济学通常借助于生产函数来研究。宏观生产函数把一个经济中的产出与生产要素的投入及技术状况联系在一起。设宏观生产函数可以表示为

Yt=Atf(Lt,Kt)

式中,Yt、Lt和Kt顺次为t时期的总产出、投入的劳动量和投入的资本量,At代表t时期的技术状况,则可以得到一个描述投入要素增长率、产出增长率与技术进步增长率之间关系的方程,称其为增长率的分解式,即

GY=GA+αGL+βGK

式中,GY为产出的增长率;GA为技术进步增长率;GL和GK分别为劳动和资本的增长率。α和β为参数,它们分别是劳动和资本的产出弹性。

从增长率分解式可知,产出的增加可以由三种力量(或因素)来解释,即劳动、资本和技术进步。换句话说,经济增长的源泉可被归结为劳动和资本的增长以及技术进步。

有时,为了强调教育和培训对经济增长的潜在贡献,还把人力资本作为一种单独的投入写进生产函数。所谓人力资本是指体现在个人身上的获取收入的潜在能力的价值,它包括天生的能力和才华以及通过后天教育训练获得的技能。当把人力资本作为一种单独投入时,按照上述分析的思路可知,人力资本也可以被归为经济增长的源泉之一。

完形填空

下面是一篇文章,请将标有A-F的段落插入文章中标号为1- 5的合适位置,使这篇文章意义完整,结构连贯;其中有一个段落是多余的。

A punctual (准时的)person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment.

__小题1:_____He is always in a hurry and in the end loses both time and his good name. A lost thing may be found again,but lost time can never be regained. Time is more valuable than material things.__小题2:______.The unpunctual man is for ever wasting and mismanaging his most valuable assets as well as the assets of others'. The unpunctual person is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters or return calls or keep appointments promptly.____小题3:___. He knows that he can not get through his huge amount of work unless he faithfully attends to every piece of work when it has to be attended to .

Failure to be punctual in keeping one's appointments is a sign of disrespect towards others. If a person is invited to dinner and arrives later than the appointed time,he keeps all the other guests waiting for him. ___小题4:_____.

Unpunctuality,moreover,is very harmful when it comes to doing one's duty,whether public or private. Imagine how it would be if those who are put in charge of important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time.__小题5:__

A.But the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful with his time and seldom complains because he lacks it.

B.The unpunctual man,on one hand,never does what he should do ahead of time.

C.In fact,time is life itself.

D.A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by his friends orfellow men.

E. The unpunctual man,on one hand,never does what he has to do at the proper time.

F. All guests present ought to be respected by the host.

G. Usually this will be regarded as a great disrespect to the host and all other guests present.

单项选择题