问题 问答题 简答题

现场救护您如何为患者摆体位?

答案

参考答案:

现场救护时可根据患者的病情摆放体位。①无意识、无呼吸、无心跳者,应将其置于复苏体位即仰卧位,并置于坚硬的平地上,或在软垫上放一跨床挡的木板,解开衣领纽扣与裤带,进行现场心肺复苏。②神志不清有呼吸和循环者,应将其置于恢复体位即侧卧位,以防止分泌物、呕吐物吸入气管而窒息。③意识、呼吸与心跳存在者,根据受伤、病变部位不同应摆好正确的体位,如毒蛇咬伤下肢时,要使患肢放低,以减慢毒汁的扩散。咯血者,向患侧卧位,以防血流入健侧支气管和肺内。腹痛者,屈双膝于腹前,以放松腹肌。脚扭伤导致肿胀发紫时,应抬高患肢,以利于血液回流。总的原则是,不要随意移动患者,以免造成再次损伤。

填空题

Today, we’ll talk about what other effects watching TV might produce on children. Children should be (1) a lot of television, many experts and parents agree, but there is at least one circumstance when it might be beneficial: (2) . A recent study conducted by Italian researchers found that children (3) immediately preceding and during blood tests experienced less pain than children whose mothers (4) during the procedure, or children whose mothers were present but (5) .
The research, led by Carlo Brown, MD, at the University of Siena, is published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood. (6) the study. None received any type of anesthesia; the children and their mothers (7) . Both the group whose mothers attempted to distract them from the blood tests and those whose mothers simply observed reported (8) than the group who watched cartoons. For that group, the levels of pain were less and the children were better able to (9) .
One of the possible explanations is that children might have (10) during the procedures, exacerbating their perception of pain. "The higher pain level reported by children during (11) shows the difficulty mothers have in interacting positively (12) in their children’s life," the authors write.
However, they stressed that (13) still provided benefits, noting that the children would (14) during the procedures. "Indeed, children state that having their parent present (15) when in pain," say the authors.
Another possibility offered for consideration is the notion that the (16) might release pain-quelling endorphins. Endorphins, (17) produced by the pituitary gland, resemble opiates in their ability to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. In other words, they might (18) .
In any case, the study results suggest that health workers should (19) to watch television during painful procedures (20) .

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