问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面一段文言文,完成文后各题。(17分)

君子曰:学不可以已。

(1)青,取之于蓝而青于蓝;冰,水为之而寒于水。木直中绳,輮以为轮,其曲中规。虽有槁暴(pù),不复挺者,輮使之然也。故木受绳则直,金就砺则利,君子博学而日参省乎己,则知明而行无过矣。

故不登高山,不知天之高也;不临深溪,不知地之厚也;不闻先王之遗言,不知学问之大也。干、越、夷、貉之子,生而同声,长而异俗,教使之然也。诗曰:“嗟尔君子,无恒安息。靖共尔位,好是正直。神之听之,介尔景福。”神莫大于化道,福莫长于无祸。

(2)吾尝终日而思矣,不如须臾之所学也;吾尝跂而望矣,不如登高之博见也。登高而招,臂非加长也,而见者远;顺风而呼,声非加疾也,而闻者彰。假舆马者,非利足也,而致千里;假舟楫者,非能水也,而绝江河。(3)君子生非异也,善假于物也。

小题1:把上面文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(17分)

(1) 青,取之于蓝而青于蓝;冰,水为之而寒于水 (4分)

(2)吾尝终日而思矣,不如须臾之所学也;吾尝跂而望矣,不如登高之博见也。(4分)

(3)君子生非异也,善假于物也。(2分)

小题2:这篇文章的论点是什么?谈谈你的学习观。(7分)

答案

小题1:(1)靛青,是从蓼蓝中提取出来的,但比蓼蓝更青;冰,是水结成的,但比水更寒冷。

(2)我曾经整天思索,(却)不如片刻学到的知识(多);我曾经踮起脚远望,(却)不如登到高处看得广阔。

(3)君子的资质禀性跟一般人没什么不同,(只是君子)善于借助外物罢了。

小题2:论点:学不可以已。

学习观示例:学习知识是一个日积月累、循序渐进的过程,要把知识系统、全面的掌握好,最有效的方法就是要坚持不懈、持之以恒的学习。“告诉你使我达到目标的秘密吧,我惟一的力量就是我的坚持精神。”这是法国著名学者巴斯德在回答青年们提出的问题时说的一句话。他的话包含一个真理:任何一件事情的成功,都要有一种百折不挠和坚持到底的精神,学习也不例外。古今中外,凡是获得重大成就的人,都具有坚持精神。数学家陈景润在攻克“哥德巴赫猜想”这个数学堡垒的过程中,不怕讽刺挖苦,忍受着疾病的痛苦,在工作条件很差的情况下,夜以继日地学习、钻研,仅他运算的稿纸就有几麻袋,有个英国数学家称赞他在数学上“移动了群山”。我也要像他们一样,循序渐进,坚持不辍,学有所成。

(“学习观”学生可结合自己的学习情况来谈,要积极向上,言之成理。)

小题1:

题目分析:本题考查的是理解并翻译句子的能力,解答时一定要先回到语境中,根据语境读懂句子的整体意思,然后思考命题者可能确定的赋分点,首先要找出关键实词、虚词,查看有无特殊句式,运用“留”“删”“调”“换”“补”的方法,直译为主,意译为辅。并按现代汉语的规范,将翻译过来的内容进行适当调整,达到词达句顺。(1)句中 第一个“于”,从;第二个“于”,比;“为”,动词,凝结成。 (2)句中,“终日”,整天;“而”,表修饰;“须臾”,极短的时间,片刻;“跂”,踮起脚;“博见”,见得广阔。(3)“生”,禀性,天赋;“假”借助。(2分)

小题2:

题目分析:本文的论点就是文章的第一段,学不可以已。至于考生谈自己的学习观,可结合文章中借助外物、积累、坚持等方面来谈,注意一定要从积极的方面去阐释。

完形填空

阅读表达(每小题2分,满分10分)

Walking is a popular form of exercises. It is an easy activity and offers a good way to improve physical fitness. Walking also gives many of the same benefits as other kinds of exercises.

Regular, brisk(轻快地)walks helps a person’s body work better. Walking builds a stronger heart and lungs. The heart pumps blood through the body. It gets more rest between beats. Walking also seems to help protect the heart from heart diseases. Walking can help lose weight, too. What’s more, walking causes very few injuries, which is why there is a lower “dropout” rate among walkers than among runners. People are more likely to continue a walking program. This gives a better chance for success.

Walking offers some mental benefits, too. It seems to make people feel better. Many walkers say they sleep better at night when they take regular walks. Others say they have a better attitude about life.

Walking offers many of the same physical and mental benefits as other forms of exercise, but walking offers some special advantages, too.

★ Almost everyone can walk. There are no special lessons of coaching. To become a serious walker, a person only needs to walk faster, farther and more often.

★ People can walk almost anywhere. There are no special playing fields or courts for walking. Sidewalks, streets, parks, fields and malls are excellent places for walking.

★ People can walk almost anytime. A person doesn’t need a team or a partner for walking. There is no “season” for walking. Most walkers walk in all kinds of weather.

Walking offers a form of exercise within the reach of nearly everyone. With a little time and effort, people can rediscover a valuable form of exercise and improve their fitness.

小题1: What’s the best title of the passage?(within 10 words)

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小题2:Please explain the underlined word “dropout” with proper words or phrases.(within 5 words)

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小题3:Why is there a lower dropout rate among walkers than among runners? (within 10 words)

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小题4: How can people become a more serious walker? (within 10 words)

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小题5: Which do you prefer, walking or jogging? Why? (within 15 words)

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单项选择题