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神权法思想在西周的变化及意义

答案

参考答案:

神权法在西周发生了重大的变化,以周公为代表的西周贵族,吸取了夏、商对人民过于残暴而导致灭亡的教训,提出了一种新的君权神授的理念,认为天和上帝不是哪一个民族所特有的,而是全体民族所共同拥有的。天命谁属就是,就是看谁最有使人民归顺的德。所以他们大肆宣传惟命不于常,天命靡常。“皇天无亲,惟德是辅”。过去殷的先王有德,克配上帝。但后来的殷王“惟不敬厥德,乃早坠厥命”,而周王有德,故“皇天上帝改厥元子资大国殷之命”而大命文王。因此,天命归周,周王成了天之元子。

中国古代的神权法是从西周开始衰落的,西周提出以德配天的口号,即是为取代商朝制造舆论,也是对神权法的动摇。统治者已经意识到凭神权来统治国家还是无法长治久安的,还必须有德治来辅佐。兼顾人事,重视民心向背。以理入法,走上了家族法和理论法的道路。

完形填空
完形填空。
     Everyone may fail or may meet with difficulties. When a person meets difficulties, he should take a 
   1   attitude (态度) to them. In fact many people fall    2   they fail once. They regard themselves as
failures (失败的人), and are not able to get over the difficulties.    3   people, however, are able to take
a correct attitude. They face up to the failure. They try to    4   what trouble they have. At last, they get
over the difficulties. They have got the right attitude to deal with the difficulties.
     "Do not ever lose your heart (心)." This is the advice given by a    5   young man. This young man
once got hurt    6   his leg. He could never again stand up like other people. This is a misfortune
(不幸的故事). He didn't lose heart. At last he found out that he could do something    7   as other people.
He started to do research on computer. He    8    succeeded in becoming an expert (专家) on computer.
     The story tells us not to lose heart whatever happens. The difficulties are nothing if you take courage
and have confidence in     9  . Let's learn something from the story.
     Keep on going,   10   you will make it. Remember: There is no difficulty if you put your heart into it!
( )1. A. wrong                
( )2. A. before      
( )3. A. Other                
( )4. A. find            
( )5. A. successful      
( )6. A. in          
( )7. A. better         
( )8. A. finally        
( )9. A. yours            
( )10. A. so             
B. right                   
B. in front of 
B. Another                
B. look for           
B. success         
B. with           
B. good              
B. firstly           
B. your               
B. or               
C. nice                    
C. after   
C. Others                  
C. find out      
C. succeed        
C. at           
C. best              
C. last          
C. yourself         
C. and            
D. bad                    
D. while          
D. The others             
D. see              
D. successfully      
D. for                                
D. well               
D. final               
D. you                
D. because         
单项选择题 A1/A2型题