问题 实验题

(14分)某研究性学习小组设计了如图所示的定量测定装置,其中B是底面积为100cm2、高20cm的圆筒状玻璃容器(带密封盖),上面标有以厘米为单位的刻度。其他夹持装置已略去。

I.甲同学用这套装置测定出了空气中氧气的体积分数,他的操作过程是:

①检查装置的气密性;

②打开B容器密封盖,加入液体C,调整A的高度,使B中液面至刻度15.0cm处;

③将过量的铁粉平铺在电热板上,盖紧容器B的密封盖;

④通电加热铁粉,待充分反应后,冷却到原来的状况,调整A的高度使容器A、B中的液面保持水平,记录液面刻度。

请回答下列问题:

(1)在操作①中检查装置气密性的方法是__________________________    __

(2)在该同学的实验中,下列物质不能用于代替铁粉的是______。

A.红磷                 B.木炭               C.铜粉

(3)在操作④结束时,与装置B中的液面最接近的刻度是______cm(填整数)。

II.乙同学欲用此装置测定铁在氯气中燃烧产物的化学式。他的操作与甲不同之处有:将操作③中铁粉的质量改为1.0g,并使容器B充满氯气后,再盖紧容器。请回答下列问题:

(1)在乙同学的实验中,下列试剂中适合于做液体C的是_______。

A.水                   B.氢氧化钠溶液        C.饱和食盐水

(2)实验结束时,液面在刻度8.8cm处。若将当时的实验条件近似看作标准状况,请据此计算生成物FeClx中x的值是______(计算结果保留1位小数)。

(3)上面的实验结果比理论值________(填“偏大”或“偏小”),误差产生的原因可能是____________________________________________________________。

答案

.I(1)盖严B容器密封盖,向A中加水,使A中液面高于B中的液面,一段时间后,A、B液面差高度不变,则气密性良好。 (2)B    (3)12

II(1)C  (2)3.1   (3)偏大  氯气溶于水;漏气;读数时A中液面高于B。(其他合理答案也可给分)

阅读理解

From my father I have learned a lot. And I’m very thankful to him. I remember when I was a child my father always got up very early, quietly putting on his clothes and going off to work. To arrive in time to open his tiny store at 8:30, he needed to leave our apartment at 6:30. After all, he had to take a bus and then the subway. The last journey was a long walk through a neighborhood much of which was full of the smell of rubbish. I learned: it is very important to work. No excuse.

When I was 12, I would, on some Saturdays, go to my father’s store to help out. After helping set up the outside clothing display, for the rest of the day, I’d watch to make sure no one stole anything. When I noticed someone looking unusual or strange, I would look the person in the eye, smile and say, “May I help you?” Usually that worked, but sometimes, someone would run off with something. The first time, I ran after the thief but my father shouted, “Martin, stop! There is no need to do that.” It’s true that safety is more important than money.

After 10 years of hard work, he saved up enough money to buy his first car, a cheap one—he wouldn’t buy one until he could afford to pay for it without borrowing money. I learned: buy only what you can afford. Buying necessary food and clothing won’t make us go in debt(债务). The unnecessary things won’t give us happiness, which comes from achievement only.

小题1: What shop did the author’s father own?

A.A bookshop.

B.A coffee shop.

C.A clothing shop.

D.A food shop.小题2: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A.The author ran after thieves many times.

B.The author thanked his father a lot.

C.The author’s father worked very hard.

D.The author’s father made some money.小题3: All the following are talked about in the passage EXCEPT       .

A.the importance of working

B.the good ways to keep healthy

C.that safety comes before money

D.that it’s bad to spend more than you make小题4: According to the author, what usually makes people go in debt?

A.To rent a house for the family.

B.To send their children to school.

C.To enjoy something unnecessary.

D.To buy enough food for the family.小题5: What is the passage mainly about?

A.How to live a happy life.

B.What makes a person successful.

C.The help the author got from his father.

D.What the author learned from his father.

问答题 简答题