问题 阅读理解

In the current economic downturn, many American schools are adding a new subject to the curriculum(课程); financial literacy. One program in Virginia even gets students out of the classroom for a day to learn how far their money will go in the real world.

What looks like a shopping mall is actually an educational field trip experience for a group of young people. Finance Park is a special facility where students apply what they have been taught in class about money management.

“They become, essentially, adults for the day,” says Alice Reilly, social studies coordinator for Fairfax County Public Schools. “They are asked to develop a budget for 18 line items that you and I might have in our budget; things like utilities, insurance, groceries, housing.”

Each budget item is represented by a storefront where students collect an option sheet. Students must refer to a card that shows their income and their family size, when they choose what to buy. There’s also a stock ticker so students can keep track of shares in their portfolios(投资组合).

The facility opened last year in Fairfax, Virginia. It is the fifteenth Finance Park built in the last decade by Junior Achievement USA, a non-profit organization dedicated to preparing young people for financial success.

“Since the financial crisis, the demand for Finance Parks around the country has grown exponentially," says Ed Grenier, president of the Washington, DC chapter. "We have a number under way in the planning and building stages.”

Financial literacy has only recently become part of the regular curriculum in Fairfax County.“Some students, some teachers, some schools did it, but now it is much more systematic," Reilly says, "and it is much more consistent to ensure that all students get this background information.”

That is why every eighth grade student in Fairfax County will eventually spend a day here.Thirteen-year-old Sam says she has learned an important life lesson. “I didn’t know how expensive everything would be.”

Anthony, also 13, is looking forward to telling his parents what he learned. “I’ll probably tell them I want to stay a kid a little longer and take my time to become an adult.”

This isn’t the end of financial studies for Anthony and the other students here. Virginia is one of 13 states which requires students to take a financial education in high school in order to graduate.

小题1:What is the aim of this Finance Park?

A . To raise enough money for the secondary schools in Virginia.        

B. To enable students to apply money management knowledge to   practice.        

C. To provide students in Virginia with special chances for Advanced Placement.         

D. To direct students in Washington,D.C. to learn more about money management.

小题2:Who is expected to spend a whole day in the Finance Park?

A .Young people all over Virginia.        

B. Junior students in Washington,D.C.       

C. Eighth graders in Fairfax County.      

D. Eighth graders' parents in Virginia.

小题3:What can we learn from this passage?

A . Extra curriculum is necessary in secondary schools.       

B. Fairfax County Public Schools set a good example.

C. An organization helps youth in U.S. for financial success.        

D. Financial Literacy is very popular in Washington,D.C.

小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that _________________.

A . Alice Reilly developed a budget for 18 items in the Finance Park.       

B. ED Grenier was against building more finance parks in U.S.A.        

C. Sam did quite well in  managing his budge in the Finance Park.        

D. Anthony came to know that adult life wasn't as good as expected.

答案

小题1:B

小题2:C

小题3:C

小题4:D

题目分析:本文叙述了美国学校为了应对目前的经济危机,因此在学校开设了新的功课----理财常识。本文以Finance Park为例来叙述的,当然美国已经有十几个这种组织来免费为学生提供设施来进行社会体验。

小题1:这是细节理解题。根据Finance Park is a special facility where students apply what they have been taught in class about money management 故选B。

小题2:这是细节理解题。根据That is why every eighth grade student in Fairfax County will eventually spend a day here.故选C。

小题3:这是细节理解题。根据It is the fifteenth Finance Park built in the last decade by Junior Achievement USA, a non-profit organization dedicated to preparing young people for financial success.故选C。

小题4:这是推理判断题。根据I’ll probably tell them I want to stay a kid a little longer and take my time to become an adult.他需要更长的时间才能成为成年人,由此可以推断成年人的生活不是那么的容易,故选D

点评:推理判断就是根据作者的意图和倾向来完成相关的问题。 根据你对文章的理解,来判断各个选项的正误。最重要的就是读懂句子的意思,找出文章的中心,这种阅读是深层阅读,但是你最重要的就是找出文章的中心意思,抓住主要句子和相关句子的意思就可以解决了,要注意题目中的一些关键词和文章中的句子的对比,尤其是一些转折词、连词等等。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《让优秀成为一种习惯》(朱铁志),完成问题。

  (1)每个人的人生定位不同,生活态度自然就不同。打算把自己置于生活的哪个层次、何种境界,是每一个严肃生活的人都不得不考虑的现实问题,也决定了这个人基本的生活方式。鲁迅立志揭出劣根性,以引起疗救的注意,所以“横眉冷对千夫指,俯首甘为孺子牛”,把别人用来喝咖啡的时间用于读书写作。哈佛大学集中了全美甚至全世界最优秀的学生,他们的校训正是“追求卓越”。是的,雄鹰不甘宇下,骏马难守圈栏。一个志存高远的人,必定将追求优秀作为自己的人生目标,作为一种近乎本能的习惯。

  (2)所谓习惯,是一种常态,一种下意识,一种自动化,一种经过长期培养历练而形成的自然而然的状态,一种无需思考即可再现的回忆。其程序好像早已置于大脑和肌肉中,成为一种特殊的记忆,一举手,一投足,一颦一笑,都是优秀的外化和证明,都会使人眼前一亮,为之折服和赞叹。

  (3)优秀习惯的养成是一个漫长的过程,它可以有一个明确的起点,但肯定没有固定的终点。但只要不断追求,每一个阶段性的成果都会成为一个新的起点。即便生命个体终结,后来者依然可以从他倒下的地方起步,向着更高的境界跋涉。

  (4)优秀和勤勉是天然的盟友,是孪生兄弟。优秀的人无一不是勤勉的,而勤勉的人即便不是最优秀的,起码是比较优秀的。从某种意义上说,勤勉本身就是优秀的代名词。所有天才无不是台上一分钟,台下十年功。请千万不要轻易相信天才的神话,那种似乎不需练习就能演奏的神童,那种不费吹灰之力就品学兼优的学子,我们听说过,但没见过,不可太当真。即便有莫扎特那样的特例,于我等也毫无借鉴之可能,不可作为榜样盲目复制。道理很简单,你是你,你不是莫扎特。你我遍地都是,莫扎特只有一个。哲学常识告诉我们,特例不揭示必然性。聪明的人从来不把自己当特例,聪明人只知道下笨功夫。

  (5)因为追求优秀,做什么都必须有“争创一流”的意识。食人俸禄,尽其本分,是常人的标准,而在优秀的人看来,是起码的德性;考上名牌大学,获得全优成绩,将来有一份体面的工作,是一般人梦寐以求的理想境界,而在优秀的头脑中,仅仅是一个通向优秀的起点而已。因为定位于优秀,别人可以睡的懒觉自己不能睡,别人可以敷衍的责任自己不能推,别人可以视而不见的工作自己不能躲,别人可以心安理得的生活自己不能忍。

  (6)优秀作为一种品质,当然离不开客观环境。但真正优秀的人懂得:命运只有把握在自己手里,才是真正的命运。平庸的人总是把别人的成功归结为环境好、条件好、人缘好、运气好,而把自己所有的失败归结为外在原因。优秀的人心里明白成功离不开客观条件,但从不过分依赖客观条件。他们懂得:环境创造人,人也创造环境。他们成功的时候往往以感恩之心面对社会、面对所有帮助过他们的人,把成功的功劳归结于客观条件。他们失败的时候,往往把原因归结为自己努力不够。优秀的人总是说自己不行,认为自己无知;平庸的人总是利用各种机会表白、粉饰自己。在真正优秀的人看来,世界上没有比这更愚蠢的事情了。

  (7)优秀是一种酵母,把它用到生活中会产生一种奇特的效果。套用一句诗人的话:优秀是优秀人的通行证,平庸是平庸者的墓志铭。

                                                                                  (摘自《人民日报》2010年4月19日,有改动)

1.认真阅读全文,找出文章的中心论点。(用原文语句回答)

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2.作者认为“让优秀成为一种习惯”需具备哪些条件,请分点概括。

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3.文章第(6)段主要运用了什么论证方法?有什么作用?

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4.如果把文章第(4)段中的“优秀的人无一不是勤勉的”一句作为观点,请你参照下面示例再写两个具体事例作论据(所举事例必须典型)。

示例:居里夫人埋头在实验室里用了三年零九个月,从8吨废沥青中提炼出一克镭。

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问答题