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60岁退休老人,平时爱吃肥猪肉、油炸食品,老人牙齿已脱落一半,主食平时早晚吃稀饭,中午吃面条,请你根据该老人生理特点提出膳食总体要求,同时对老人目前的饮食习惯进行分析,并告之其它要遵循的膳食原则。

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根据该老人生理特点其膳食总体要求为:(1)平衡膳食,为了使老年人获得合理营养,应提供符合老年人参考摄入量标准的平衡膳食。(2)食物要粗细搭配,易于消化。增加膳食纤维摄入。(3)保证充足的新鲜蔬菜和水果摄入。(4)积极参加适度体力活动,保持能量平衡。(5)注意食品的色、香、味、形状和硬度,依据该老人生理特点合理选择、加工食物,并注意食物的多样化。

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Some consumer researchers distinguish (1) "rational" motives and "emotional" (or "non-rational") motives. They use the term "rationality" (2) the traditional economic sense that assumes (3) consumers behave rationally when they carefully consider all alternatives (4) choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e., satisfaction). (5) a marketing context, the term "rationality" implies that the consumer selects goods based (6) totally objective criteria, such (7) size, weight, price, and so on. "Emotional" motives imply the selection of goods (8) to personal or subjective criteria—the desire (9) individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.
The assumption underlying this distinction is (10) subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize utility or satisfaction. (11) , it is reasonable to assume that consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, (12) their view, serve to maximize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based (13) the individual’s own needs as (14) as on past behavioral, social, and learning experiences. What may appear (15) irrational to an outside observer may be perfectly rational (16) the context of the consumer’s own psychological field. For example, a product purchased to enhance one’s self-image (such as a fragrance) is a perfectly rational form of consumer behavior. (17) behavior did not appear rational to the person who undertakes it (18) the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it. (19) the distinction between rational and emotional motives does not appear to be warranted.
Some researchers go so far (20) to suggest that emphasis (21) "needs" obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that consumers act consciously (22) maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act not (23) subconscious drives but from rational preferences, (24) what they perceive to be (25) their own best interests.