问题 单项选择题

Questions 61-70 are based on the following passage.


While some international couriers are showing signs of exhaustion, EMS (Express Mail Service), the generic name for the courier services of post offices, seems to be finding its stride. Known as Datapost in Britain, as Chronopost in France, and as A1-Barid al-Mumtaz in Saudi Arabia, EMS is now second in the international courier business (jointly with TNT Skypack). Last year it delivered 5.6 million items, weighing less than 20 kilograms each, across borders. That and its annual growth rate of around 5 percent have worried DHL, the market leader, enough for it to counter-attack in the Courts.
On October 26, a Dutch judge ruled against DHL on all three counts filed against the Dutch post office: that the three-initial name was too close to DHL’s; that the orange lines in the EMS logo were too similar to DHL’s dark red ones; and that the claim to the widest route system in the world was unfounded. DHL has threatened the Swiss post office with similar action, but it may reconsider after the Dutch ruling.
EMS has some advantages over the private couriers. One is a dense ready-made network of offices, especially in Europe, the avowed target area of the private couriers. Another advantage is a long tradition of working with customs authorities. In a business where minutes count, it pays to have good friends at customs. That advantage particularly irritates the private couriers because there is no legal way to combat such unquantifiable coziness.
The private courier services are also annoyed because in countries like Switzerland and Italy, where the post office is officially a monopoly, they pay it a fee. In Switzerland DHL says it pays more than SFr lm ($ 708,000) "to the competition" each year. In France the couriers have won a battle for exoneration.
Although governments are under little pressure to keep prices artificially low, EMS is often cheaper than the private couriers, but not always. A recent test in Britain (on a domestic route) showed Datapost about halfway between the least and the most expensive, but gave it full marks for speed and service.
Each national EMS is free to set its rates and follow its own rules on things like bulk discounts. The Universal Postal Union, based in Berne, determines how costs and revenues are split between sending and receiving countries, and standardizes procedures. More than 100 postal administrations have linked into the system—and more are coming, including Russia’s. That makes the feisty EMS particularly happy since its rivals have not been allowed to serve anywhere in Russia.

The recent test in Britain shows that ______.

A. EMS provides better services than the private couriers
B. the private couriers are as cheap as EMS
C. the private couriers are faster than EMS
D. EMS is always cheaper than the private couriers

答案

参考答案:A

解析: 细节题型
见第五段最后一句:近期在英国(国内路线)上作了一个测试,发现英国的EMS的价格介于其他courier类似业务的中间,但快递的速度和服务是最好的。因此A为答案。

计算题

薄膜材料气密性能的优劣常用其透气系数来加以评判。对于均匀薄膜材料,在一定温度下,某种气体通过薄膜渗透过的气体分子数,其中t为渗透持续时间,S为薄膜的面积,d为薄膜的厚度,为薄膜两侧气体的压强差。k称为该薄膜材料在该温度下对该气体的透气系数。透气系数愈小,材料的气密性能愈好。图为测定薄膜材料对空气的透气系数的一种实验装置示意图。EFGI为渗透室,U形管左管上端与渗透室相通,右管上端封闭;U形管内横截面积A=0.150cm2。实验中,首先测得薄膜的厚度d=0.66mm,再将薄膜固定于图中处,从而把渗透室分为上下两部分,上面部分的容积,下面部分连同U形管左管水面以上部分的总容积为V1,薄膜能够透气的面积S=1.00cm2。打开开关K1、K2与大气相通,大气的压强P1=1.00atm,此时U形管右管中气柱长度。关闭K1、K2后,打开开关K3,对渗透室上部分迅速充气至气体压强,关闭K3并开始计时。两小时后,U形管左管中的水面高度下降了。实验过程中,始终保持温度为。求该薄膜材料在时对空气的透气系数。(本实验中由于薄膜两侧的压强差在实验过程中不能保持恒定,在压强差变化不太大的情况下,可用计时开始时的压强差和计时结束时的压强差的平均值来代替公式中的。普适气体常量R=8.31Jmol-1K-1,1.00atm=1.013×105Pa)。

填空题