问题 实验题

(10分)如图所示的电路中,直径为D的圆环是用粗细均匀的电阻丝制成的,其阻值为R,图中A,B,…,H为圆环的等分点,A点固定,电阻不计的金属杆OP上接有电流表A,P为滑片,且滑片P能沿圆环滑动,并保持良好的接触,电源电动势为E,内阻不计。当闭合电键S后,滑片P沿圆环顺时针滑动时,图中各表的示数会发生变化。甲、乙两同学按此电路图,分别做实验,并记下当滑片P在某些位置时各电表的示数。

(1)甲、乙两同学分别用游标卡尺和螺旋测微器测量小圆环的厚度,如下图所示,甲、乙同学的读数分别为            mm,             mm。

(2)根据上述实验数据,回答下列问题:

①根据表1中的实验数据,请通过计算,分析完成表1中“位置A”下的空格。

I=       A;U1=       V。

②根据表1、表2中的实验数据,请通过比较、分析来说明,可能乙同学在实验过程中,         部分的电路发生了断路。

③根据②中的分析,请思考:当滑片P滑到G、A之间位置X时,则表2中“位置X”下的空格可能的数据(即各电表的示数)分别是        

A.0.05A,0.75V,5.25V

B.0.07A,1.05V,4.95V

C.0.16A,2.40V,3.60V

D.0.25A,3.75V,2.25V

答案

(1)3.64;3.878;(2)①0.4A;6V;②GA之间断路;③BD

题目分析:(1)甲同学的读数为:0.3cm+0.02mm×32=3.64mm;乙同学读数:3.5mm+0.01mm×37.8=3.878mm;(2)①当滑片滑动A位置,圆环部分短路,电压表电压表V2的示数为0,电源电动势等于圆环部分未短路时,两电压表示数之和,即E=3.75+2.25V=6V,电阻R1的阻值,则此时电压表V1的示数为6V,电流表的示数.所以“位置A”下的空格分别为0.4A,6V.

②通过甲同学数据分析知,电压表V2的示数先增大后减小,是因为并联部分电阻先增大后减小,乙同学电压表V2的示数逐渐增大,知圆环部分的电阻逐渐增大,知乙同学做实验时,圆环在G、A之间某处发生断路故障.

③由于G、A之间某处发生断路故障,所以在位置X处,圆环的电阻可能比BA部分小,可能比BG部分大,则电流表的示数可能小于0.08A,可能大于0.24A.当电流表示数小于0.08A时,U1<1.20V,U2>4.80V,当电流大于0.24A时,U1>3.6V,U2<2.4V.又电压表U1的示数与电流表的示数比值等于R1的阻值,为15Ω.故B、D正确,A、C错误.故选BD.

填空题
阅读理解

Mrs. Blake teaches English in a large school in the inner area of a big city on the west coast. Even since she was a young girl, she has wanted to become a teacher. She has taught eight years now and hasn’t changed her mind. After she graduated from high school, she went on to college. Four years later, she received her bachelor’s degree (BA) in English and her teaching certificate(证书). Then she went to teach in the secondary schools of her state. In the summers, Mrs. Blake takes more classes; she hopes to get a master’s degree ( MA ). With an MA, she will receive a higher salary and if possible, she hopes to get a doctor’s degree as well. The school day at Mrs. Blake’s high school, like that in many high schools in the United States, is divided into one hour each. Mrs. Blake must teach five of these periods. During her free period, which for her is from 2 to 3 P.M, Mrs. Blake must meet with parents, make our examinations, check assignments at all, Mrs. Blake works continuously from the time she arrives at school in the morning till the time she leaves for home late in the afternoon.

小题1:How long is it since Mrs. Blake graduated from middle school?

A.four years

B.eight years

C.twelve years

D.twenty years小题2:According to the article, which is the right order of the degrees a person can receive after going to university?

A.a doctor’s degree – a bachelor’s degree – a master’s degree

B.a bachelor’s degree – a master’s degree – a doctor’s degree

C.a master’s degree – a bachelor’s degree – a doctor’s degree

D.a bachelor’s degree – a doctor’s degree – a master’s degree小题3:How many degrees has Mrs. Blake achieved so far?

A.one

B.two

C.three

D.four小题4:Which of the following sentences is not true?

A.Mrs. Blake teaches in the inner area of big city on the east of the United States.

B.Mrs. Blake has turned her wish of becoming a teacher into reality.

C.Mrs. Blake is still studying in her holidays in order to get higher degree.

D.The working hours in the school where Mrs. Blake works are similar to those of may other high schools in the states.