问题 填空题

如图表示某些物质间转化关系(部分反应条件省略).其中A为黑色固体氧化物;E为绿色固体;B、D是由相同元素组成的无色液体,且B具有消毒杀菌作用;C、Y为常见无色气体;X是常见的金属单质.

请回答下列问题:

(1)请判断X的化学式:______.

(2)反应①中A物质的作用是______.

(3)反应①、④、⑤的化学方程式:

①______;④______;⑤______.

(4)反应③的基本反应类型属于______(填序号).

A.化合反应B.分解反应C.置换反应D.复分解反应

(5)在日常生活中为防止反应②的发生,可采取的措施是______(写一点即可).

答案

(1)绿色固体E应为碱式碳酸铜,则黑色氧化物A为氧化铜,Y、D为水和二氧化碳,结合反应⑤可得知C为氧气、有机物为葡萄糖;再根据“B、D是由相同元素组成的无色液体”可判断D为水、B为过氧化氢;最后由反应②可确定X为铜;

故选Cu;

(2)反应①为过氧化氢的催化分解,反应前后A物质不变,则A为反应的催化剂,反应中起催化作用;

故答案为:催化;

(3)反应①为过氧化氢的分解,反应④加热分解碱式碳酸铜,反应⑤为二氧化碳和水发生的光合作用;

故答案为:2H2O2

 CuO 
.
 
2H2O+O2↑;Cu2(OH)2CO3
  △  
.
 
2CuO+H2O+CO2↑;6CO2+6H2O
光照
叶绿素
C6H12O6+6O2

(4)反应③为碱式碳酸铜与盐酸发生的复分解反应,生成二氧化碳、水和氯化铜;

故选D;

(5)反应②为铜生锈的反应,为防止铜生锈应防止铜同时与水、氧气、二氧化碳接触,所以可保持铜的干燥等方法防止铜的锈蚀;

故答案为:保持表面洁净、干燥(或其它合理方法均可).

阅读理解

For many years, Hawaii has been a magic name to people who like to travel. People on both sides of the Pacific Ocean, in Japan and in America, dream of seeing these beautiful islands in the middle of the ocean. Their dreams always include at least one scene of a sunset over the ocean. In the tropical(热带的) lands, the sun drops, like a ball of golden fire, into the sea, and it droops so quickly that you can almost see it move. The sun leaves behind a glow that lights the skies and shines in the quiet water.

People often have a quiet, peaceful time ---perfect for a leisurely(悠闲的) walk along the water. This scene is not too different from the dramatic(令人神往的) beauty that greeted the first strangers to these islands centuries ago. They were Polynesian people who came from Tahiti in canoes not much bigger than small boats.

They found the beautiful white sand beaches and the waving palm trees, but there were no giant hotels like the ones we see nowadays. The first people came to Hawaii nearly two thousand years ago, but skyscraper hotels were only built in the last 25 years. Now jet planes make it possible to fly to for a weekend from Tokyo. Wherever the people come from, they really want to see the original beauty of Hawaii. They want to see the lovely beaches and the mountain called Diamond Head which is almost hidden by the tall hotels.

小题1:Hawaii is a name _____.

A.given by people who like to travel

B.attracting a lot of travelers

C.with a magic story behind it

D.liked by both the Japanese and Americans小题2:On these beautiful islands, one thing that every traveler won't miss is_____.

A.to swim in the quiet water

B.to see the tropical plants

C.to see the sunset

D.a leisurely walk along the beach小题3:Which of the following does not belong to "the original beauty of Hawaii"?

A.White sand beaches.

B.Waving palm trees.

C.Tall hotels.

D.The Diamond Head Mountain.小题4:The last paragraph suggests_______

A.the scenery nowadays is not too different from the original beauty.

B.it's not quite easy to see the original beauty, because some of the scenery is almost hidden by tall hotels.

C.it is easy to see the original beauty, but only by taking jet airplanes.

D.it is not easy to see the original beauty because things have completely changed in the last 25 years.小题5:The best title of the passage is _______

A.Islands Scenery.

B.Hawaii A Magic Name.

C.Traveling In Hawaii.

D.The Dramatic Beauty.

单项选择题