问题 问答题

某校化学兴趣小组对1瓶溶液进行分析,初步确定它是含有同种阴离子的M、N混合液,继续分析的步骤如下:

(1)若没有产物A,则M、N可能是______和______(写化学式);滤液中的溶质是______(写化学式);步骤①中发生反应的化学方程式是______;步骤②中发生反应的化学方程式是______,反应的基本类型是______.

(2)若有产物A,且它是一种复合钾肥,则M、N可能是______和______(写化学式);滤液中的溶质是______、______(写化学式).

答案

(1)滤液和硝酸银反应会生成不溶于硝酸的白色沉淀和硝酸钠,依据复分解反应原理可知,滤液中含有氯化钠,混合液中加氢氧化钠会生成蓝色沉淀,说明混合液中存在铜离子,M、N含有同种阴离子的M、N混合液,所以可能是氯化钠和氯化铜,故答案为:CuCl2、NaCl,NaCl;

氯化铜和氢氧化钠反应生成氯化钠和氢氧化铜沉淀,故答案为:CuCl2+2NaOH═Cu(OH)2↓+2NaCl;

氯化钠和硝酸银反应生成氯化银沉淀和硝酸钠,故答案为:NaCl+AgNO3═AgCl↓+NaNO3

该反应由两种化合物相互交换成分形成两种新的化合物,符合复分解反应的概念,属于复分解反应,故答案为:复分解反应;

(2)产物A是一种复合钾肥,滤液和硝酸银反应会生成不溶于硝酸的白色沉淀和硝酸钠,依据复分解反应原理可知,滤液中含有氯化钠和氯化钾,混合液中加氢氧化钠会生成蓝色沉淀,说明混合液中存在铜离子,M、N含有同种阴离子的M、N混合液,但是钠离子会进入滤液中,所以M和N中存在钾离子,所以混合物可能是氯化钾和氯化铜,经过验证,各种物质都满足转换关系,故答案为:CuCl2、KCl,NaCl、KCl.

完形填空
We’ve all done it at one point or another. You’re driving along to work or school when that familiar sound reaches your eardrums(耳膜). You look down, reach into your pocket and begin to read, your steering wheel(方向盘) in one hand, your phone in the other. As you respond to that text message from your friend, you look intermittently(间歇地) at the road, and then back down at your phone. You’ve done it plenty of times before. What can go wrong?
What do you think is the number one killer of teenagers in the U.S.? Drugs? Alcohol? Violence? The answer is distracted driving. According to the National Safety Council, over 24 percent of all motor vehicle crashes involve cell phone use. Either a quick 30-second phone call or a simple text reading may be the cause of a traffic accident. In addition, drivers who talk on a cell phone, whether hands-free or not, are four times more likely to crash.
The risk of teenagers getting into an accident rises sharply. According to keepthedrive.com, more than 3,000 teenagers die in car accidents each year with about another 450,000 teenagers being injured. Additionally, according to a University of Utah study, reading or sending even one text message is equal to having a 0.08 alcohol level. In most states, that is considered as drunk-driving.
So, how do you prevent yourself from the danger of distracted driving? The answer is simpler than you might think. Put your phone away. Mute(消音) your phone or just turn it off while driving. If you still can’t help reaching for your phone, throw it on the backseat. This way, you won’t be able to get to it until you arrive at your destination.
You may get away with talking on the phone now, but there may be a day when you don’t. Dropping your phone may be an inconvenience, but it’s better than being a victim of your distracted driving.
Title: The danger of reading and texting on the phone while driving
小题1:_______
Drivers are used to reading and小题2:___ to text messages while driving.
小题3:___ of
distracted driving
 About a quarter of all motor vehicle crashes are 小题4:___ to cell phone use.
Drivers talking on a cell phone have a much stronger 小题5: of crashing.
The rising risk of teenagers getting into accidents
 A number of teenagers get 小题6:_____ in or even die from car accidents every year.
Reading or sending one text message while driving 小题7:____ having a 0.08 alcohol level.
小题8:___ of preventing distracted driving
 Mute your phone or turn it off to keep you concentrated on driving.
Put your phone out of your 小题9:___ while driving.
Conclusion
It may be not 小题10:___ for you to drop your phone but you can protect your self from hurt or death.
单项选择题