问题 选择题

如图,质量为MA、MB的A、B两小球分别连在弹簧两端,B端用细线固定在倾角为30°的光滑斜面上,若不计弹簧质量,在线被剪断瞬间,A、B两球的加速度分别为(   )

A.0和         B. 和0

C. 和0                 D.都等于

答案

答案:A

题目分析:在剪断细线之前,A处于平衡状态,所以弹簧的拉力等于A的重力沿斜面的分力.在剪断细线的瞬间,绳子上的拉力立即减为零,而弹簧的伸长量没有来得及发生改变,故弹力不变,所以A的受力情况没有变化,故A球的加速度为零;在剪断细线之前,对B球进行受力分析,B受到重力、弹簧对它斜向下的拉力、支持力及细线的拉力,在剪断细线的瞬间,细线的拉力立即减为零,对B球进行受力分析,则B受到到重力、弹簧的向下拉力、支持力.因弹簧的拉力大小为 ,所以根据牛顿第二定律得:B的加速度为.故BCD错误,A正确.所以选D.

完形填空

第一节   完形填空(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Cars are too expensive for many people around the world to own. Not only that, many cities are already full of traffic, and many country areas have rough roads.

So how do people   21        those distances that are too far to walk? They use public transportation. If you ride the subway    22         bus where you live, you can appreciate some of the benefits of public transportation. With many people     23      one bus or train there is less traffic and, more importantly, less   24              .

Which of the types of mass transit described below are you familiar with? If a regular bus can   25       dozens of people, imagine what a bus twice the size can hold! In Great Britain, there are many buses that are   26          double-deckers.

Buses in Haiti are often very crowded. It’s not   27          for passengers to actually sit on the rooftops. Buses are sometimes called “tap-taps”, because the riders on the roof tap(敲击)when they want to be dropped off.

Many large cities around the world take advantage of the   28         beneath the streets and run underground trains. People in Paris, Mexico City and Tokyo may use the subway system to get to school, to work, or to visit friends in other neighborhoods. Both the Japanese and French have   29         High-speed trains to link various cities. While electric trains in North America   30        130 kph, the French TGV (high-speed-train) is the world’s fastest, averaging over 270 kph!

21. A. find                      B. fly               C. observe                  D. travel

22. A. and                      B. also                    C. or                          D. as well as

23. A. sharing          B. crowding            C. sparing                   D. sitting

24. A. smoke           B. people         C. buses               D. pollution

25. A. include          B. stand                  C. hold                       D. seat contain

26. A. known as              B. popular with C. familiar with           D. looked like

27. A. frequent                B. usual                  C. true                        D. uncommon

28. A. building                B. structure             C. space               D. channel

29. A. imported               B. operated              C. produced         D. developed

30. A. travel            B. average        C. run                        D. fly