问题 解答题

如图为心脏结构模式图,据图回答:

(1)心脏的四腔中充满静脉血的是图中______和______.(填序号)

(2)图中9内的血液只能流入5,不能流入8,是因为在8与9

之间有防止血液倒流的______.

(3)图中5和7所示血管分别是______和______

(4)从心脏的四个腔来看,体循环始于图中标号______所示的结构,

(5)经过肺循环血液的性质是由______血变成______血.

答案

(1)心脏的四个腔中,右心室流的是静脉血,右心房流的是静脉血;因为右心室是肺循环的起点,肺循环使血液由静脉血变成动脉血,血液经肺循环后流回心脏的左心房,从左心房进入左心室开始体循环,体循环使血液由动脉血变成静脉血,血液经体循环流回心脏的右心房.故流动着静脉血的是2右心房和3右心室;

(2)正常情况下,心室收缩,血液由心室流向动脉,而不会倒流向心房,其原因是心室与心房之间有1瓣膜,防止血液倒流;所以图中9内的血液只能流入5,不能流入8.

(3)由分析知:图中5和7所示血管分别是主动脉和肺静脉;

(4)血液在心脏和全部血管所组成的管道系统中的循环流动叫做血液循环,根据循环途径的不同,血液循环分为体循环和肺循环两部分;其中,体循环是指血液由左心室进入主动脉,再流经全身的各级动脉、毛细血管网、各级静脉,最后汇集到上下腔静脉,流回到右心房的循环;即体循环开始于[9]左心室,5是与左心室相连的主动脉.

(5)肺循环是指血液由右心室流入肺动脉,流经肺部的毛细血管网,再由肺静脉流回左心房的循环;在肺循环中,从右心室射入肺动脉的静脉血,流经肺部毛细血管时,血液中的二氧化碳进入肺泡,肺泡中的氧气进入血液,这样,经过肺循环,血液由静脉血变成了动脉血;即肺循环开始于图中的[3]右心室,经过肺循环,血液由静脉血变成了动脉血.

故答案为:(1)2;3

(2)房室瓣

(3)主动脉;肺静脉

(4)9

(5)静脉;动脉

完形填空
完型填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
LAST weekend, I helped my friend Alex get money for poor children at Crossroads Mall He  36 needed volunteers, especially of the female. I decided that this was a pretty good  37 , so the next day I got ready to go.
I arrived at Crossroads about five minutes  38 , and helped Alex and   39 of the volunteers. There were only three  40 at first, and we figured we might as well get started  41 just waiting for more to arrive. I held the   42 , and suddenly felt extremely shy. I did not  43 asking people for donations. In fact, I’m usually one of those people who try to   44 those boring stands and ask you for a little contribution. For heaven’s sake, I can contribute to a few,   45 I cannot alone  46 every single cause in the world!
I really didn’t like the idea of asking anyone for donations to our cause.   47 , I watched my friends speak to the strangers, and noticed that they were extra polite to everyone—no matter whether they  48 . I realized that   49 I wasn’t pushy(强求的), it would be okay, and my conscience could be  50 .
I pasted on a large smile, and started asking people passing by. My mouth tripped over words, and I continually said “um” while I thought of the correct terms.   51 I talked to more and more people. Not only improved, but also started noticing small  52 . Instead of saying “donate”, which made most people walk away  53 .I started suing the word “contribute”. I added the phrase “every little bit counts”, and people started to donate small amounts in larger quantities. As the day went on, I learned how to pull on the hearts of the   54 , and I became a successful fundraiser.
At the end of the day, we all gathered at Alex’s house and   55 how much money we raised. I was so surprised; We raised over $300! We celebrated, and went home tired, but satisfied that we helped a great cause.
小题1:
A.everyB.muchC.desperatelyD.too
小题2:
A.causeB.businessC.affairD.career
小题3:
A.earlierB.earlyC.laterD.late
小题4:
A.the otherB.othersC.anotherD.the rest
小题5:
A.passers—byB.teachersC.volunteersD.people
小题6:
A.instead ofB.butC.in spite ofD.in place of
小题7:
A.signalB.signatureC.singD.symbol
小题8:
A.appreciateB.likeC.wantD.need
小题9:
A.annoyB.fleeC.meetD.avoid
小题10:
A.andB.butC.orD.so
小题11:
A.doB.supportC.makeD.create
小题12:
A.What’s moreB.BesidesC.WhateverD.However
小题13:
A.donatedB.gaveC.cameD.passed
小题14:
A.as soon as B.as far asC.as long asD.as short as
小题15:
A.at ease B.with happinessC.in silenceD.in surprise
小题16:
A.AsB.BeforeC.SinceD.During
小题17:
A.actionsB.hoopesC.wishesD.trends
小题18:
A.slowB.fastC.slowerD.faster
小题19:
A.goersB.passers-byC.studentsD.strangers
小题20:
A.thoughtB.looked atC.countedD.decided
单项选择题