问题 材料题

1934年,一位英国牛津大学的教授,创造了福利国家的概念。到1948年,英国宣布全面实现了社会保障,建成福利国家。

问题:

(1)英国“福利国家”可能借鉴了哪些国家的实践经验?

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(2)英国“福利国家”的内容和特征是什么?

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(3)你如何评价英国“福利国家”的政策?

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答案

(1)德国俾斯麦的《疾病保障法》,美国罗斯福新政时期的《社会保障法》

(2)内容:在教育、健康、住房、失业、退休等方面全面实行社会保障(或人人享有免于贫困、疾病、愚昧、污染和失业的自由权利);特征:社会保障的全面性;实现所有居民各种不同的保障需求。

(3)从正面看:福利国家政策的实施,对英国保持社会的长期稳定起到了积极作用;英国在世界上第一个建成“福利国家”,具有重大的意义,为以后其他国家实行社会保障政策提供借鉴和模式,消灭贫困,提高人民生活水平。从负面看:加重国家的负担,影响了经济发展。

阅读理解

Look at the centre circles of Diagram (图)A and Diagram B. Which of the centre circles looks larger? In fact, they are exactly the same size.

Then look at the picture on the right. What do you see? A vase? Or two faces?Does the picture change quickly from one to the other again and again? Maybe or maybe not, but you can never see them at the same time.

“What’s happening? Is something wrong with my eyes?” You may wonder at what you see. Don’t worry. Here is how it goes:

When we look at things, our eyes send messages to our brains and then our brains interpret(解读)the information. However, sometimes our brains interpret the received information in a wrong way. It seems that our eyes are playing a joke on us. This often happens and we call it “visual illusion(视觉错误)”.

Movie makers often make use of visual illusions. They make the objects around actors much smaller or bigger than usual. This makes us believe that the actors are much larger or smaller than they usually are. The movies Jurassic Parkand Honey I shrunk the kids just make use of visual illusions.

小题1:Why does the centre circle in Diagram A look smaller than that in Diagram B?

A.something is wrong with our eyes

B.the two circles are not the same size

C.our brains interpret the information in a wrong way

D.the two pictures change quickly from one to the other小题2: What do movie makers make use of visual illusions for ?

A.To help the actors look better

B.To make the actors much braver

C.To help the actors become stronger

D.To make the actors seem different in size小题3:In the picture below, it seems that Line AB is shorter than Line CD, but in fact Line AB is as long as Line CD.

Which paragraph can explain what has happened to our eyes?

A. The second one.

B. The third one.

C. The fourth one.

D. The sixth one.

小题4: What’s the right order according to the passage?

a. We look at things with our eyes.

b. Our brains interpret the messages.

c. Our brains tell us what we have seen.

d. Our eyes send messages to our brains.

A.a d b c

B.c a b d

C.a c d b

D.b c a d小题5:Where may this passage be from?

A.A letter

B.An English newspaper

C.A science book

D.An advertisement

选择题