问题 单项选择题

第75-77题为套题: 某寿险公司聘请了一家国际著名人力资源顾问公司来帮助本企业改善对员工的激励,该顾问公司经过调查之后指出,在这家寿险公司中,目前主要存在以下两个方面的问题:第一,公司根本不了解员工在组织中工作时,到底希望从组织得到什么,结果导致激励手段单一,激励效果比较差;第二,对知识型员工的管理缺乏深刻的认识,不了解如何管理和激励这种新型员工。第三,公司中一部分老员工的收入已经很高了,但是企业仍然单纯依靠经济手段来对他们进行激励,仅仅因为这种手段在过去非常有效。

哪些理论有助于理解该公司中存在的上述第一个方面的问题?()。 ①马斯洛的需要层次论②赫兹伯格的激励-保健因素理论 ③大卫?麦克利兰的需要理论④强化理论

A. ①②③

B. ②④

C. ③④

D.①②③④

答案

参考答案:A

阅读理解

Monkeys , face to face

DISCOVER magazine once reported on a curious event in the woods : a group of monkeys applied mud (泥) to their faces in order to keep away insects , but when they were done they seemed to have lost their ability to recognize each other ---two monkeys that were supposed to be friends even started fighting.

“Faces are really important to how monkeys and apes (猿)can tell one another apart,” explained Michael Alfaro, a biologist at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), to the New York -based International Science Times . This is quite different from many other animals , which depend heavily on smells.

Since faces play such a crucial part in the social lives of monkeys , could this explain why certain monkey species have such colorful faces while others have simpler, plainer ones ?

To test this theory , a group of researchers from UCLA studied 139 monkey species , mainly from Asia and Africa, and analyzed hundreds of headshot (头像)photos of those monkeys from their databases.

It was found that species that live in larger groups have faces with more complex color patterns than those that live in smaller groups. According to Live Science, researchers believe that this is nature’s way of making it easier for monkeys to recognize each other since those living in larger groups have to distinguish between a greater number of faces.

This is actually not that hard to understand . Just imagine if there were 10 people standing in front of you, all wearing white clothes. It would be much more difficult to tell them apart than if they wore clothes with colorful patterns. However, if there were only two people that you had to identify, a lack of color wouldn’t be much of a problem.

Apart from the need to recognize group members , researchers found that geography and environment also affect monkeys’ facial colors. Species that live closer to the equator in thick, humid (潮湿的)forests were found to have darker faces than those who live in dry areas further away from the equator. This is because darker faces help camouflage (伪装)the monkeys in the woods so that they go unnoticed by predators (捕食者).

小题1:We can learn from the article that monkeys mainly recognize each other by their __.

A.Smells

B.Facial appearances

C.body shapes

D.Voices小题2:Which of the following statements about monkeys’face patterns is TURE according to the article ?

A.Larger monkeys have more complex face color patterns.

B.Monkeys with colorful face patterns usually take higher social positions within groups.

C.Monkeys living in smaller groups usually have simpler, plainer face patterns.

D.Colorful face patterns keep monkeys safe from predators.小题3:What is article mainly about?

A.The social lives of monkeys.

B.How monkeys tell each other apart.

C.A comparison between the face patterns of monkeys and those of human beings.

D.The different factors that determine monkeys’ face patterns.

单项选择题 A1型题