问题 综合

(20分)改革是推动社会进步的动力。改革开放30年来,我国形成了全方位的开放格局,取得了举世瞩目的成绩。阅读材料回答下列问题。

材料一:中国产业转移路线示意图

(1)简述30年来我国产业转移线路。(6分)

(2)珠江三角洲成为我国对外开放的前沿,具有哪些区位优势。(8分)

(3)目前,西部地区将逐步承接东部地区和国际上部分产业的转移。试简要分析产业转移对西部地区带来的影响。(6分)

答案

小题1:海外产业转移,最初多集中在珠三角区域(2分);随着长三角经济圈和环渤海经济圈的兴起,(一些技术含量高的)制造业开始向这些地方转移(2分);(随着土地、劳动力、能源等方面成本的上升与环境的恶化),劳动密集型制造业和资源性产业,大量转移至中西部地区(2分)。(或答:大致形成国际产业向我国沿海经济圈转移,沿海经济圈向中西部转移的局面)。

小题2:临海(地处沿海)(2分);历史上著名的对外开放地区(2分);临近港澳(2分);著名的侨乡,利于吸引境外资金,引进先进的技术和管理经验(2分);国家政策优势(2分)。(每点2分,但总分不超过8分)

小题3:促进资源开发,促进经济发展(2分);加快工业化(促进劳动力从第一产业转向第二产业)和城市化进程(2分);增加就业机会,缓解就业压力(2分);可能带来环境污染和生态破坏(2分)。(有利影响4分,不利影响2分)

题目分析:

小题1:直接结合图例,注意先后顺序分析即可。

小题2:影响区域经济发展的区位条件主要从自然条件(地理位置、地价)和社会经济条件(市场、交通、政策、劳动力、历史条件)等因素分析,注意与当地的实际相结合。

小题3:产业转移对西部地区(迁入地)的影响主要从资源开发、产业结构调整、就业和经济发展;环境问题等方面分析。

点评:本题解题的关键是能从图示提取有效信息并能调用课本产业转移、区位影响等相关内容分析。注意分析的完整性和全面性。

单项选择题

In the United States, older people rarely live with their adult children. But in many other cultures children are expected to care (1) their aged parents. In some parts of Italy, the percentage of adult children who (2) with their parents (3) 65 to 70 percent. In Thailand, too, children are expected to take care of their elderly parents; few Thai elderly live (4) . What explains these differences in living arrangements (5) cultures Modernization theory (6) the extended family household to low levels of economic development. In traditional societies, the elderly live with their children in large extended family units for economic reasons. But with modernization, children move to urban areas, leaving old people (7) in (8) rural areas. Yet modernization theory cannot explain why extended family households were never common in the United States or England, or why families in Italy, which is fully modernized, (9) a p tradition of intergenerational living. Clearly, economic development alone cannot explain (10) living arrangements. Another theory associated intergenerational living arrangements with inheritance patterns. In some cultures, the stem family pattern of inheritance (11) . (12) this system, parents live with a married child, usually the oldest son, who then (13) their property when they die. The stem family system was once common in Japan, but changes in inheritance laws, (14) broader social changes brought (15) by industrialization and urbanization, have (16) the (17) .In 1960 about 80 percent of Japanese over 65 lived with their children; by 1990 only 60 percent did-a figure that is still high (18) U.S. standards, but which has been (19) steadily. In Korea, too, traditional living arrangements are (20) : the percentage of aged Koreans who live with a son declined from 77 percent in 1984 to 50 percent just 10 years later. Although most elderly Koreans still expect to live with a son, their adult children do not expect to live with their children when they grow old.

(8)是()

A.isolated

B.segregated

C.idealized

D.secluded

单项选择题