问题 单项选择题

阴虚燥咳,宜选用

A.半夏
B.瓜蒌
C.白芥子
D.川贝母
E.桔梗

答案

参考答案:D

解析:[考点评析] 1.桔梗苦辛平,归肺经,有宣肺祛痰,利咽,排脓的功效,用于肺气不宣的咳嗽痰多,胸闷不畅,本品辛散苦泄,宣开肺气,无论属寒属热均可配伍使用,还可用于咽喉肿痛,失音,肺痈咳吐脓痰;川贝母苦甘微寒,归肝心经,有清热化痰,润肺止咳,散结消肿的功效,用于虚劳咳嗽,肺热燥咳,本品尤宜于内伤久咳,燥痰,热痰之证,还可用于瘰疬疮肿及乳痈、肺痈;浙贝母苦寒,归肺心绎,有清热化痰,开郁散结的功效,用于风热燥热痰热咳嗽,本品功似川贝母而偏苦泄,还可用于瘰疬,瘿瘤,痈疡疮毒,肺痈等;瓜蒌甘微苦寒,归脾胃大肠经,有清热化痰,宽胸散结,润肠通便的功效,用于痰热咳嗽,胸痹、结胸等,肺痈、肠痈、乳痈等,还可用于肠燥便秘。
2.竹茹有清热化痰,除烦止呕的功效,用于痰热所致的咳嗽或心烦不眠等,胃热呕吐;天竹黄有清热化痰,清心定惊的功效;前胡有降气化痰,宣散风热的功效;海藻有消痰软坚,利水消肿的功效。
3.川贝母、浙贝母反乌头;瓜蒌甘寒而滑,脾虚便溏及湿痰、寒痰者忌用,反乌头;海藻传统认为反甘草,但临床也每有配伍同用者。

阅读理解

In one way, it may be thought that failure is a part of life. In another, failure may be regarded as a step towards success.

The “spider story” is often told as an example of this. Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th century, was hiding in a hole on a hill from the English. He watched a spider(蜘蛛) making a web(网). Bruce is said to have got confidence from this and to have gone on to beat the English. Edison, too, the inventor of the light bulb(电灯泡), made hundreds of models that failed before he found the right way to make one.

So what? First, always think about your failure. What caused it? Were you in high spirit then? What can you change so that things will go right the next time?

Second, is the goal you are trying to reach the right one? Try to do some thinking about what your real goal may be. Think about this question: If I am successful in this, where will it get me?” This may help to prevent failure in the things you shouldn’t be doing anyway.

The third thing to remember about failure is that it’s a part of life. Learn to “live with yourself!” even though you may have failed. Remember, “You can’t live with them all.”

小题1:Robert Bruce was mentioned in the passage to show that ___________.

A.people who failed are not lonely

B.animals can help people sometimes

C.nature will help if we are hard—working

D.confidence is important for one to be successful小题2:Edison’s example shows us that __________.

A.he liked to do other kinds of work

B.he invented many kinds of light bulbs

C.failure may be a way towards success

D.he was a man of many important inventions小题3:If you are not sure about what success will get you, you’d better ______.

A.change your goal

B.go on with your goal

C.not care for that

D.work even harder on your goal小题4:It can be learned from the passage that __________.

A.one should try not to fail

B.one’s failure is another’s success

C.one should take failures seriously

D.one should learn lessons from failures小题5:This passage is mainly about _________.

A.two great men

B.two sides of failure

C.ways to keep away from failure

D.the right attitude (态度) towards failure

填空题